subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
The object is calulated as the absolute value of the subject.
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
OR
subject: $s is numberable OR variable
object: $o is numberable
The object is calulated as the arc cosine value of the subject.
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
OR
subject: $s is numberable OR variable
object: $o is numberable
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
OR
subject: $s is numberable OR variable
object: $o is numberable
The object is calulated as the arc sine value of the subject.
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
OR
subject: $s is numberable OR variable
object: $o is numberable
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
OR
subject: $s is numberable OR variable
object: $o is numberable
The object is calulated as the arc tangent value of the subject.
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
OR
subject: $s is numberable OR variable
object: $o is numberable
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
OR
subject: $s is numberable OR variable
object: $o is numberable
The subject is an angle expressed in radians. The object is calulated as the cosine value of the subject.
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
OR
subject: $s is numberable OR variable
object: $o is numberable
The subject is an angle expressed in radians. The object is calulated as the #hyperbolic cosine value of the subject.
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
OR
subject: $s is numberable OR variable
object: $o is numberable
The subject is an angle expressed in radians. The object is calulated as the conversion in degrees of the value of the subject.
subject: ($s1 $s_2) where $s_i is numberable OR variable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
The subject is a pair of numbers. The object is calculated by subtracting the second number of the pair from the first.
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable
Checks equality of numbers. `true` if and only if `$s` is equal to `$o`.
subject: ($s1 $s_2) where $s_i is numberable OR variable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
The subject is a pair of numbers. The object is calculated by raising the first number of the power of the second.
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable
`true` if and only if the subject is a number which is greater than the object.
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable
`true` if and only if the subject is a number which is LESS than a object.
subject: ($s1 $s_2) where $s_i is numberable OR variable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
subject: ($s_1 .. $s_n) where $s_i is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
subject: ($s_1 .. $s_n) where $s_i is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
OR
subject: $s is numberable OR variable
object: $o is numberable
The subject or object is calculated to be the negation of the other.
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable
`true` if and only if the subject is a number which is NOT EQUAL to a object.
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable
`true` if and only if the subject is a number which is NOT greater than the object.
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable
`true` if and only if the subject is a number which is NOT LESS than a object.
subject: ($s_1 .. $s_n) where $s_i is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
The subject is a list of numbers. The object is calculated as the arithmentic product of those numbers.
subject: ($s1 $s_2) where $s_i is numberable OR variable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
The subject is a pair of numbers. The object is calculated by dividing the first number of the pair by the second.
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
OR
subject: $s is numberable OR variable
object: $o is numberable
subject: ($s_0 $s_1) where $s_0 is intable, $s_1 is intable
object: $o is intable OR variable
The subject is a pair of integers. The object is calculated by dividing the first number of the pair by the second and taking the remainder.
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
The object is calulated as the number with no fractional part that is closest to the subject. If there are two such numbers, then the one that is closest to positive infinity is returned.
subject: ($s_0 $s_1) where $s_0 is numberable, $s_1 is intable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
OR
subject: $s is numberable OR variable
object: $o is numberable
The subject is an angle expressed in radians. The object is calulated as the sine value of the subject.
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
OR
subject: $s is numberable OR variable
object: $o is numberable
The subject is an angle expressed in radians. The object is calulated as the hyperbolic sine value of the subject.
subject: ($s_1 .. $s_n) where $s_i is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
Performs addition of numbers.
`true` if and only if the arithmetic sum of `$s_1, .. $s_n` equals `$o`.
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
OR
subject: $s is numberable OR variable
object: $o is numberable
The subject is an angle expressed in radians. The object is calulated as the tangent value of the subject.
subject: $s is numberable
object: $o is numberable OR variable
OR
subject: $s is numberable OR variable
object: $o is numberable
The subject is an angle expressed in radians. The object is calulated as the hyperbolic tangent value of the subject.
subject: ($s_1 .. $s_n) where $s_i is list
object: $o is list OR variable
Concatenates separate lists into a single list.
`true` if and only if the subject is a list of lists and the concatenation of all those lists is `$o`.
`$o` can be calculated as a function of the subject.
Example: `( (1 2) (3 4) ) list:append (1 2 3 4).`
subject: $s is list
object: $o is any
Extracts the first member of a list.
`true` if and only the subject is a list and `$o` is the first member of that list.
`$o` can be calculated as a function of the subject.
subject: $s is any
object: $o is list
Determines if an subject is a member of the object list or binds every member of the object list to the subject.
`true` if and only `$o` is a list and `$s` is in that list.
`$s` can be calculated from `$o`.
subject: $s is list
object: $o is variable
Iterates over index/value pairs of the subject list.
Gets the matching pair of list index and list value for every member of the subject.
If the object is a variable, it will create a solution for each member of the subject list.
If any member of the object list is a variable, it will create a solution for all matching
members of the subject list.
If the object is ground and the entry at the specified index matches the specified value,
it evaluates to `true`; otherwise, `false`.
Example: `( 1 2 3 ) list:iterate ($i $v).`
subject: $s is list
object: $o is any
Extracts the first member of a list.
`true` if and only the subject is a list and `$o` is the last member of that list.
`$o` can be calculated as a function of the subject.
subject: $s is list
object: $o is intable OR variable
Calculates the length of a list.
`true` if and only the subject is a list and `$o` is integer length of that list.
`$o` can be calculated as a function of the subject.
subject: $s is list
object: $o is any
Determines if an object is a member of the subject list or binds every member of the subject list to the object.
`true` if and only `$s` is a list and `o` is in that list.
`$o` can be calculated from `$s`.
subject: ($s_0 $s_1) where $s_0 is list, $s_1 is intable
object: $o is any
Gets the member of a list at a given position (where the position of the first element is 1).
`true` if and only if `$s_0` has an element at position `$s_1`, and if that element and `$o` can unify.
Note that if `$s_1` is a variable, this builtin may bind it to more than one value (e.g. `((“A” “B” “A”) ?i) list:memberAt \"A\"`).
In case of a negative integer, the index will count backwards from the length of the list.
subject: $s is concrete
object: ($o_1 .. $o_n) where $o_i is concrete
subject: ($s_1 .. $s_n) where $s_i is concrete
object: $o is concrete
subject: ($s_0 $s_1) where $s_0 is list, $s_1 is concrete
object: $o is list OR variable
Removes the second component of the subject list from the first component of that list.
`true` if and only if the subject is a list of two lists `$s_1` and `$s_2`, `$s_2` is a subset of `$s_1` and `$o` is a list composed of the members of the `$s_1` with all members of `$s_2` removed, matching left to right.
`$o` can be calculated as a function of the subject.
Example: `( (1 2 3 4) (2 3) ) list:remove (1 4).`
subject: ($s_0 $s_1) where $s_0 is list, $s_1 is intable
object: $o is list OR variable
subject: $s is list
object: $o is list OR variable
subject: ($s_1 .. $s_n) where $s_i is concrete
object: $o is variable
subject: ($s_1 .. $s_n) where $s_i is concrete
object: $o is list OR variable
subject: $s is any
object: $o is xsd:boolean OR variable
subject: ($s_0 $s_1 $s_2) where $s_0 is variable, $s_1 is formula, $s_2 is list OR variable
object: $o is baseIri OR formula OR variable
subject: $s is formula
object: $o is formula OR variable
All possible conclusions which can be drawn from a formula.
`true` if and only if `$o` is the set of conclusions which can be drawn from `$s`, by successively applying any rules it contains to the data it contains.
Note: this is equivalent to cwm's \"--think\" command line function. It does use built-ins, so it may for example indirectly invoke other documents, validate signatures, etc.
subject: ($s_1 .. $s_n) where $s_i is formula
object: $o is formula OR variable
A function to merge formulae: logical AND.
`true` if and only if `o`, which can be generated, is a formula containing a copy of each of the formulae `$s_1 .. $s_n`.
subject: $s is iri
object: $o is stringable OR variable
This connects a document and a string that represents it. (Cwm knows how to go get a document in order to evaluate this.) Note: the content-type of the information is not given and so must be known or guessed.
subject: ($s_0 $s_1) where $s_0 is stringable, $s_1 is iri
object: $o is literal OR variable
OR
subject: ($s_0 $s_1) where $s_0 is variable, $s_1 is variable
object: $o is literal
OR
subject: $s is variable
object: $o is literal
Takes a list of a string and an IRI and creates a datatyped literal.
The subject is a list composed of a string and an IRI, and the object is a datatyped literal with the value `$s_1` and datatype `$s_2`.
`true` if and only if the datatyped literal formed of `$s_0` and `$s_1` equals `$o`.
Example: ``{ (\"2005-03-30T11:00:00\" xsd:dateTime) log:dtlit ?X } => { ?X a :Answer } .` will produce `\"2005-03-30T11:00:00\"^^xsd:dateTime a :Answer .`
subject: $s is concrete
object: $o is any
OR
subject: $s is any
object: $o is concrete
Determines if two RDF resources are the same.
`true` if and only if `$s` and `$o` are the same RDF node (symbol or literal).
Not to be confused with owl:sameAs.
subject: ($s1 $s_2) where $s_i is formula
object: $o is baseIri OR formula OR variable
Built-in for implementing a scoped universal quantification.
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is xsd:boolean OR variable
subject: $s is formula OR baseIri
object: $o is formula OR variable OR baseIri
The subject formula includes the object formula.
`true` if and only if `s` includes `$o` if there exists some substitution which when applied to `$o` creates a formula B' such that for every statement in B' is also in `$s`, every variable universally (or existentially) quantified in B' is quantified in the same way in `$s`.
Variable substitution is applied recursively to nested compound terms such as formulae, lists and sets.
Note: you can use this to peer inside nested formulae.
subject: $s is formula
object: $o is formula OR variable
subject: ($s_0 $s_1) where $s_0 is stringable, $s_1 is stringable
object: $o is literal OR variable
OR
subject: ($s_0 $s_1) where $s_0 is variable, $s_1 is variable
object: $o is literal
OR
subject: $s is variable
object: $o is literal
Takes a list of two strings and creates a language-tagged literal.
The subject is a list composed of two strings, and the object is a language-tagged literal with the value `$s_1` and language `$s_2`.
`true` if and only if the language-tagged literal formed of `$s_1` and `$s_2` equals `$s_3`.
`$s_2` should be a string in the form of a [BCP47](https://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47) language tag.
Example: `{ (\"hello\" \"en\") log:langlit ?X } => { ?X a :Answer } .` will produce `\"hello\"^^en a :Answer .`
subject: $s is iri
object: $o is stringable OR variable
subject: $s is iri
object: $o is stringable OR variable
subject: $s is concrete
object: $o is concrete
Determines if two RDF resources are not the same.
`true` if and only if `$s` and `$o` are not the same RDF node (symbol or literal).
subject: $s is formula OR baseIri
object: $o is formula OR variable OR baseIri
The object formula is NOT a subset of subject.
`true` if and only if `log:includes` is `false`. The converse of log:includes.
Related: see `log:includes`.
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is stringable
The subject is a key and the object is a string, where the strings are to be output in the order of the keys. See cwm --strings in cwm --help.
subject: $s is string
object: $o is formula OR variable
OR
subject: $s is variable
object: $o is formula
The subject string, parsed as N3, gives this formula.
`true` if and only if `$s`, parsed as N3, gives `$o`.
`$s` should be a syntactically valid string in N3 format.
Related: see `log:n3String`.
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is stringable OR variable
OR
subject: $s is variable
object: $o is stringable
subject: $s is concrete
object: $o is iri OR variable
Returns an identifier based on the type of the RDF Resource.
`true` if the type of `$s` is the same as `$o`, or binds the type to `$o`.
`$o` is unbound or one of `log:Formula`, `log:Literal`, `log:List`, `log:Set` or `log:Other`.
Example: `log:semanticsOrError` returns either a formula or a string, and you can check which using `log:rawType`.
subject: $s is iri
object: $o is formula OR variable
The log:semantics of a document is the formula achieved by parsing representation of the document. For a document in Notation3, `log:semantics` is the `log:parsedAsN3` of the `log:content` of the document. For a document in another RDF syntax, it is parsed according to the appropriate specification to yield an RDF formula (a subclass of N3 `log:Formula`). Evaluates to `false` if an unrecognized document format is retrieved. Aside: Philosophers will be distracted here into worrying about the meaning of meaning. At least we didn't call this function \"meaning\"! In as much as N3 is used as an interlingua for interoperability for different systems, this for an N3 based system is the meaning expressed by a document. Related: see `log:parsedAsN3` and `log:content`.
subject: $s is iri
object: $o is formula OR literal OR variable
This connects a document and either the formula it parses to, or an error message explaining what went wrong with trying. Related: see `log:semantics`.
subject: ($s_1 .. $s_n) where $s_i is concrete
object: $o is any
Built-in to generate a Skolem IRI object which is a function of the arguments in the subject list
subject: $s is iri
object: $o is stringable OR variable
OR
subject: $s is variable
object: $o is stringable
This allows one to look at the actual string of the URI which identifies this.
(Cwm can get the URI of a resource or get the resource from the URI.)
This is a level breaker, breaking the rule of not looking inside a
URI. Use (eg with string:match) to replace RDF's old \"aboutEach\"
functionality. Use to implement the URI spec and protocol specs, etc.
subject: $s is any
object: $o is string OR variable
subject: $s is baseIri
object: $o is xsd:dateTime OR variable
subject: $s is xsd:dateTime OR xsd:date
object: $o is intable OR variable
`true` if and only if $s is a `xsd:dateTime` and $o is the integer day component of the dateTime.
$o can be calculated as a function of $s.
subject: $s is xsd:dateTime OR xsd:date
object: $o is intable OR variable
`true` if and only if $s is a `xsd:dateTime` and $o is the integer the day number within the week, Sunday being 0.
$o can be calculated as a function of $s.
subject: $s is xsd:dateTime OR xsd:time
object: $o is intable OR variable
`true` if and only if $s is a `xsd:dateTime` and $o is the integer hours component of the dateTime.
$o can be calculated as a function of $s.
subject: $s is xsd:dateTime
object: $o is intable OR variable
OR
subject: $s is variable
object: $o is intable
`true` if and only if the $s is a `xsd:dateTime` and the $o is the integer number of seconds
since the beginning of the era on a given system. Don't assume a particular value, always test for it.
$o can be calculated as a function of $s.
Cwm implements this as a bidirectional function: you can calculate the
ISO date from the seconds since the beginning of the era, or vice-versa.
subject: $s is xsd:dateTime OR xsd:time
object: $o is intable OR variable
`true` if and only if $s is a `xsd:dateTime` and $o is the integer minutes component of the dateTime.
$o can be calculated as a function of $s.
subject: $s is xsd:dateTime OR xsd:date
object: $o is intable OR variable
`true` if and only if $s is a `xsd:dateTime` and $o is the integer month component of the dateTime.
$o can be calculated as a function of $s.
subject: $s is xsd:dateTime OR xsd:time
object: $o is intable OR variable
`true` if and only if $s is a `xsd:dateTime` and $o is the integer seconds component of the dateTime.
$o can be calculated as a function of $s.
subject: $s is xsd:dateTime OR xsd:date OR xsd:time
object: $o is intable OR variable
`true` if and only if $s is a `xsd:dateTime` and $o is the trailing timezone offset
part, e.g. \"-05:00\"..
$o can be calculated as a function of $s.
subject: $s is xsd:dateTime OR xsd:date
object: $o is intable OR variable
`true` if and only if $s is a `xsd:dateTime` and $o is the integer year component of the dateTime.
$o can be calculated as a function of $s.
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is stringable OR variable
subject: ($s_1 .. $s_n) where $s_i is stringable
object: $o is stringable OR variable
Concatenates the given strings. `true` if and only if the string concatenation of `$s_1, .. $s_n` equals `$o`.
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is stringable
True iff the subject string contains the object string.
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is stringable
True iff the subject string contains the object string, with the comparison done ignoring the difference between upper case and lower case characters.
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is stringable
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is stringable
True iff the subject string ends with the object string.
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is stringable
True iff the subject string is the same as object string ignoring differences between upper and lower case.
subject: ($s_1 .. $s_n) where $s_i is stringable
object: $o is stringable OR variable
The subject is a list, whose first member is a format string, and whose remaining members are arguments to the format string. The formating string is in the style of python's % operator, very similar to C's sprintf(). The object is calculated from the subject.
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is stringable
True iff the string is greater than the object when ordered according to Unicode(tm) code order.
subject: ($s_0 $s_1) where ($s_0_1 .. $s_0_n) where $s_0_i is stringable, $s_1 is stringable
object: $o is string OR variable
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is intable OR variable
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is stringable
True iff the string is less than the object when ordered according to Unicode(tm) code order.
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is stringable OR variable
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is regex
The subject is a string; the object is is a regular expression in the perl, python style. It is true iff the string matches the regexp.
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is stringable
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is stringable
True iff the subject string is the NOT same as object string ignoring differences between upper and lower case.
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is stringable
True iff the string is NOT greater than the object when ordered according to Unicode(tm) code order.
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is stringable
True iff the string is NOT less than the object when ordered according to Unicode(tm) code order.
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is regex
The subject string; the object is is a regular expression in the perl, python style. It is true iff the string does NOT match the regexp.
subject: ($s_0 $s_1 $s_2) where $s_0 is stringable, $s_1 is regex, $s_2 is stringable
object: $o is stringable OR variable
A built-in for replacing characters or sub. takes a list of 3 strings; the first is the input data, the second the old and the third the new string. The object is calculated as the replaced string. For example, (\"fofof bar\", \"of\", \"baz\") string:replace \"fbazbaz bar\".
subject: ($s_0 $s_1 $s_2) where $s_0 is stringable, ($s_1_1 .. $s_1_n) where $s_1_i is regex, ($s_2_1 .. $s_2_n) where $s_2_i is stringable
object: $o is stringable OR variable
subject: ($s_0 $s_1) where $s_0 is stringable, $s_1 is regex
object: $o is stringable OR variable
The subject is a list of two strings. The second string is a regular expression in the perl, python style. It must contain one group (a part in parentheses). If the first string in the list matches the regular expression, then the object is calculated as being the part of the first string which matches the group.
subject: ($s_0 $s_1) where $s_0 is stringable, $s_1 is regex
object: $o is list OR variable
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is stringable
True iff the subject string starts with the object string.
subject: ($s_0 $s_1 $s_2) where $s_0 is stringable, $s_1 is intable, $s_2 is intable OR variable
object: $o is stringable OR variable
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is stringable OR variable
subject: $s is stringable
object: $o is stringable OR variable
The object is a SHA-1 hash of the subject.
subject: ($s1 $s_2) where $s_i is formula
object: $o is formula OR variable
subject: $s is formula
object: $o is numberable OR variable
subject: $s is formula
object: $o is formula OR variable
subject: $s is iri
object: $o is formula OR variable