HTML: The Markup Language (an HTML language reference)

Abstract

This non-normative reference describes the HTML markup language and provides details to help producers of HTML content create documents that conform to the language. It is intended to complement the normative conformance criteria defined in the HTML5: A vocabulary and associated APIs for HTML and XHTML specification, as well as information in related deliverables published by the HTML Working Group and from other sources. By design, this reference does not describe related APIs in detail, nor attempt to explain how implementations that are consumers of HTML content are meant to process documents (those areas are covered by the HTML5 specification itself), nor attempt to also be a tutorial or “how to” authoring guide.

1. Introduction # T

This document is a non-normative reference that provides details to help producers of HTML content create conformant documents, and to help others check the conformance of existing documents. It has the following design goals:

to describe the syntax and structure of the HTML language
to describe the semantics of HTML elements and their attributes (that is, to describe what the elements and attributes represent)
to be clear and unambiguous
to be as concise and readable as possible

The first two of the above design goals make this reference similar in scope to the [HTML5 for Web Authors] subset of the normative [HTML5] full specification.

Certain purposes are intentionally out of scope for this reference document; specifically, it:

does not provide any descriptions of implementation conformance criteria for HTML consumers; in particular, it does not attempt to explain how Web browsers and other user agents are meant to process documents
does not provide detailed information on APIs related to processing of HTML content by HTML consumers.

For implementation conformance criteria for HTML consumers and detailed information on related APIs, instead see the [HTML5] full specification.

Finally, because this document is intended for use strictly as a reference, it does not attempt to also be a tutorial or “how to” authoring guide.

2. Terminology # T

The following is a list of terms that are used in other sections of this reference.

browsing context

An environment in which UAs present documents to users. A tab or window in a Web browser typically contains a browsing context, as does an iframe, or frame elements in a frameset.

case-insensitive match

An exact comparison of two strings, codepoint for codepoint, except that the characters in the range A-Z and the corresponding characters in the range a-z are considered to also match.

DOM tree

A representation of a document based on the W3C Document Object Model (DOM), as defined in the [DOM4] specification. UAs build representations of documents by parsing them and constructing DOM trees from them.

flow content

Flow content consists of flow elements intermixed with normal character data.

HTML producers

HTML authors (that is, people) and applications (such as editors and content management systems) that produce HTML content.

HTML consumers

HTML user agents; that is, applications (such as Web browsers) which consume HTML content.

must

The word must is used in this reference to mark document-conformance requirements that are normatively defined in the HTML5: A vocabulary and associated APIs for HTML and XHTML full specification. [HTML5].

This reference does not itself normatively define any requirements.

newline

Any of the following:

a U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) character
a U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character
a U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) followed by a U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character

phrasing content

Consists of phrasing elements intermixed with normal character data.

resolve a URL

To resolve a URL to an absolute URL, as defined in [HTML5].

space

Any of the following:

U+0020 SPACE
U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION (tab)
U+000A LINE FEED (LF)
U+000C FORM FEED (FF)
U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)

top-level browsing context

As defined in [HTML5].

transparent

If the content model of a particular element foo is described as transparent, it means:

when element foo is a child of a parent element bar whose content model is allowed to contain flow elements, then the contents of element foo may also contain flow elements
when element foo is a child of a parent element baz whose content model restricts its child elements to only being phrasing elements, then any child elements of element foo are also restricted to only being phrasing elements

UA

An HTML user agent; that is, an application (such as a Web browser) which consumes HTML content.

3. Documents # T

This section defines the term document, and provides additional details related to the definition of that term. It is divided into the following parts:

1. The HTML language and HTML and XML syntaxes
2. The HTML namespace and MIME types
3. Conformant documents
4. Case insensitivity in tag names and attribute names

3.1. The HTML language and HTML and XML syntaxes # T

The term document is used in this reference to mean an instance of the HTML language.

The HTML language is the language described in this reference; it is an abstract language that applications can potentially represent in memory in any number of possible ways, and that can be transmitted using any number of possible concrete syntaxes.

This reference describes two particular concrete syntaxes for the HTML language: One syntax, which is referred to throughout this reference as the HTML syntax, and another syntax, which is referred to throughout this reference as the XML syntax. Web browsers typically implement two separate parsers for processing documents: an HTML parser which is invoked when processing documents in the HTML syntax, and an XML parser which is invoked when processing documents in the XML syntax.

The HTML syntax is the syntax described in the HTML syntax section of this reference.

The XML syntax is defined by rules in the [XML] specification and in the [Namespaces In XML] specification; any syntax-level requirements for documents in the XML syntax described in this reference are intended to be the same as those defined in the XML specification.

3.2. The HTML namespace and MIME types # T

The HTML namespace is defined as http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml. The HTML namespace is the namespace both for documents in the HTML syntax and for documents in the XML syntax.

Documents that are served with the text/html MIME type must match the descriptions in this reference for characteristics of documents in the HTML syntax.

Documents that have an HTML namespace declaration and that are served with an XML MIME type such as text/xml, application/xml, or application/xhtml+xml must match the descriptions in this reference for characteristics of documents in the XML syntax.

3.3. Conformant documents # T

There are two types of conformant documents:

conformant documents in the HTML syntax
conformant documents in the XML syntax

3.3.1. Conformant documents in the HTML syntax #

A conformant document in the HTML syntax must consist of the following parts, in the following order:

Optionally, a single U+FEFF BYTE ORDER MARK (BOM) character.
Any number of comments and space characters.
A doctype.
Any number of comments and space characters.
An html element, with its attributes (if any) and its contents (if any).
The start tag and end tag of the html element can be omitted—as well as, possibly, the start tags and end tags of certain descendants of the html element—in which case the start tag and end tag are considered to be implied.
Any number of comments and space characters.

Documents in the HTML syntax must match the syntax described in the HTML syntax section of this reference.

3.3.1.1. Implied start tags and end tags #

In documents in the HTML syntax, the start tags and end tags of the html element and particular descendants of the html element can be omitted. In cases where tag omission of those particular elements occurs, the document can still be considered, conceptually, to contain the elements—but with their start tags and end tags implied.

The following is an example of a document with implied start tags and end tags for the html, head, and body elements. Note that it is nevertheless a complete, valid document.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<title>A relatively minimal HTML document</title>
<p>Hello World!</p>

The DOM tree constructed from that example by a conformant UA would look like this:

DOCTYPE: html
HTML
- HEAD
  - TITLE
    - #text: A relatively minimal HTML document
  - #text: ↩
- BODY
  - P
    - #text: Hello World!

Note that the DOM tree includes the html, head, and body elements whose start tags and end tags are implied in the document.

3.3.2. Conformant documents in the XML syntax #

A conformant document in the XML syntax must be a namespace-well-formed XML document, as defined in the [Namespaces in XML] specification, and its root element must be an html element.

Documents in the XML syntax must not make use of any features of the HTML syntax that do not follow XML well-formedness constraints (for example, documents in the XML syntax must not use unquoted attribute value syntax and must not omit tags).

3.4. Case insensitivity in tag names and attribute names # T

In documents in the HTML syntax:

Tag names for HTML elements may be written with any mix of lowercase and uppercase letters that are a case-insensitive match for the names of the elements given in the HTML elements section of this document; that is, tag names are case-insensitive.
Attribute names for HTML elements may be written with any mix of lowercase and uppercase letters that are a case-insensitive match for the names of the attributes given in the HTML elements section of this document; that is, attribute names are case-insensitive.

In documents in the XML syntax:

Tag names for HTML elements must exactly match the names of the elements given in the HTML elements section of this document; that is, tag names are case-sensitive.
Attribute names for HTML elements must exactly match the names of the attributes given in the HTML elements section of this document; that is, attribute names are case-sensitive.

4. HTML syntax # T

This section describes the HTML syntax in detail. In places, it also notes differences between the the HTML syntax and the XML syntax, but it does not describe the XML syntax in detail (the XML syntax is instead defined by rules in the [XML] specification and in the [Namespaces in XML] specification).

This section is divided into the following parts:

1. The doctype
2. Character encoding declaration
3. Elements
4. Attributes
5. Text and character data
6. Character references
7. Comments
8. SVG and MathML elements in HTML documents
9. CDATA sections in SVG and MathML contents

4.1. The doctype # T

A doctype (sometimes capitalized as “DOCTYPE”) is an special instruction which, for legacy reasons that have to do with processing modes in browsers, is a required part of any document in the HTML syntax; it must match the characteristics of one of the following three formats:

normal doctype
deprecated doctype
legacy-tool-compatible doctype

A normal doctype consists of the following parts, in exactly the following order:

Any case-insensitive match for the string "<!DOCTYPE".
One or more space characters.
Any case-insensitive match for the string "HTML".
Optionally, one or more space characters.
A ">" character.

The following is an example of a conformant normal doctype.

<!DOCTYPE html>

A deprecated doctype consists of the following parts, in exactly the following order:

Any case-insensitive match for the string "<!DOCTYPE".
One or more space characters.
Any case-insensitive match for the string "HTML".
One or more space characters.
Any case-insensitive match for the string "PUBLIC".
One or more space characters.
A quote mark (public ID), consisting of either a """ character or a "'" character.
A permitted public ID
A matching quote mark (public ID), identical to the quote mark (public ID) used earlier (either a """ character or a "'" character).
Conditionally, depending on whether it is part of a permitted-public-ID-system-ID-combination, the following parts, in exactly the following order:
1. One or more space characters.
2. A quote mark (system ID), consisting of either a """ character or a "'" character.
3. A permitted system ID
4. A matching quote mark (system ID), identical to the quote mark (system ID) used earlier (either a """ character or a "'" character).
Optionally, one or more space characters.
A ">" character.

A permitted-public-ID-system-ID-combination is any combination of a public ID (the first quoted string in the doctype) and system ID (the second quoted string, if any, in the doctype) such that the combination corresponds to one of the six deprecated doctypes in the following list of deprecated doctypes:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd">
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">

A legacy-tool-compatible doctype consists of the following parts, in exactly the following order:

Any case-insensitive match for the string "<!DOCTYPE".
One or more space characters.
Any case-insensitive match for the string "HTML".
One or more space characters.
Any case-insensitive match for the string "SYSTEM".
One or more space characters
A quote mark, consisting of either a """ character or a "'" character.
The literal string "about:legacy-compat".
A matching quote mark, identical to the quote mark used earlier (either a """ character or a "'" character).
Optionally, one or more space characters.
A ">" character.

The following is examples of a conformant legacy-tool-compatible doctype.

<!doctype HTML system "about:legacy-compat">

4.2. Character encoding declaration # T

A character encoding declaration is a mechanism for specifying the character encoding used to store or transmit a document.

The following restrictions apply to character encoding declarations:

The character encoding name given must be the name of the character encoding used to serialize the file.
The value must be a valid character encoding name, and must be a case-insensitive match for a character set name for which the IANA [Character Sets] registry has a Name or Alias field labeled as “preferred MIME name”; or, if none of the Alias fields are so labeled, a case-insensitive match for a Name field in the registry.
The character encoding declaration must be serialized without the use of character references or character escapes of any kind.
The element containing the character encoding declaration must be serialized completely within the first 512 bytes of the document.

If the document does not start with a U+FEFF BYTE ORDER MARK (BOM) character, and if its encoding is not explicitly given by a Content-Type HTTP header, then the character encoding used must be an ASCII-compatible character encoding, and, in addition, if that encoding isn't US-ASCII itself, then the encoding must be specified using a meta element with a charset attribute or a meta element in the encoding declaration state.

If the document contains a meta element with a charset attribute or a meta element in the encoding declaration state, then the character encoding used must be an ASCII-compatible character encoding.

An ASCII-compatible character encoding is one that is a superset of US-ASCII (specifically, ANSI_X3.4-1968) for bytes in the set 0x09, 0x0A, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x20 - 0x22, 0x26, 0x27, 0x2C - 0x3F, 0x41 - 0x5A, and 0x61 - 0x7A.

Documents should not use UTF-32, JIS_C6226-1983, JIS_X0212-1990, HZ-GB-2312, JOHAB (Windows code page 1361), encodings based on ISO-2022, or encodings based on EBCDIC.

Documents must not use CESU-8, UTF-7, BOCU-1, or SCSU encodings.

In a document in the XML syntax, the XML declaration, as defined in the XML specification [XML] should be used to provide character-encoding information, if necessary.

4.3. Elements # T

An element’s content model defines the element’s structure: What contents (if any) the element can contain, as well as what attributes (if any) the element can have. The HTML elements section of this reference describes the content models for all of elements that are part of the HTML language. An element must not contain contents or attributes that are not part of its content model.

The contents of an element are any elements, character data, and comments that it contains. Attributes and their values are not considered to be the “contents” of an element.

The text content of an element is the value of the textContent IDL attribute of the element, as defined in [DOM4].

A void element is an element whose content model never allows it to have contents under any circumstances. Void elements can have attributes.

The following is a complete list of the void elements in HTML:

area, base, br, col, command, embed, hr, img, input, keygen, link, meta, param, source, track, wbr

The following list describes syntax rules for the the HTML syntax. Rules for the the XML syntax are defined in the XML specification [XML].

tags are used to delimit the start and end of elements in markup. Elements have a start tag to indicate where they begin. Non-void elements have an end tag to indicate where they end.
tag names are used within element start tags and end tags to give the element’s name. HTML elements all have names that only use characters in the range 0–9, a–z, and A–Z.
start tags consist of the following parts, in exactly the following order:
1. A "<" character.
2. The element’s tag name.
3. Optionally, one or more attributes, each of which must be preceded by one or more space characters.
4. Optionally, one or more space characters.
5. Optionally, a "/" character, which may be present only if the element is a void element.
6. A ">" character.
end tags consist of the following parts, in exactly the following order:
1. A "<" character.
2. A "/" character
3. The element’s tag name.
4. Optionally, one or more space characters.
5. A ">" character.
Void elements only have a start tag; end tags must not be specified for void elements.
The start and end tags of certain elements can be omitted. The subsection for each element in the HTML elements section of this reference provides information about which tags (if any) can be omitted for that particular element.
A non-void element must have an end tag, unless the subsection for that element in the HTML elements section of this reference indicates that its end tag can be omitted.
The contents of an element must be placed between just after its start tag (which might be implied, in certain cases) and just before its end tag (which might be implied in certain cases).

4.3.1. Misnested tags #

If an element has both a start tag and an end tag, its end tag must be contained within the contents of the same element in which its start tag is contained. An end tag that is not contained within the same contents as its start tag is said to be a misnested tag.

In the following example, the "</i>" end tag is a misnested tag, because it is not contained within the contents of the b element that contains its corresponding "<i>" start tag.

<b>foo <i>bar</b> baz</i>

4.4. Attributes # T

attributes for an element are expressed inside the element’s start tag. Attributes have a name and a value.

There must never be two or more attributes on the same start tag whose names are a case-insensitive match for each other.

The following list describes syntax rules for attributes in documents in the HTML syntax. Syntax rules for attributes in documents in the XML syntax. are defined in the XML specification [XML].

attribute names must consist of one or more characters other than the space characters, U+0000 NULL, """, "'", ">", "/", "=", the control characters, and any characters that are not defined by Unicode.
XML-compatible attribute names are those that match the Name production defined in the XML specification [XML] and that contain no ":" characters, and whose first three characters are not a case-insensitive match for the string "xml".
attribute values can contain text and character references, with additional restrictions depending on whether they are unquoted attribute values, single-quoted attribute values, or double-quoted attribute values. Also, the HTML elements section of this reference describes further restrictions on the allowed values of particular attributes, and attributes must have values that conform to those restrictions.

In the the HTML syntax, attributes can be specified in four different ways:

empty attribute syntax
unquoted attribute-value syntax
single-quoted attribute-value syntax
double-quoted attribute-value syntax

empty attribute syntax

Certain attributes may be specified by providing just the attribute name, with no value.

In the following example, the disabled attribute is given with the empty attribute syntax:

<input disabled>

Note that empty attribute syntax is exactly equivalent to specifying the empty string as the value for the attribute, as in the following example.

<input disabled="">

unquoted attribute-value syntax

An unquoted attribute value is specified by providing the following parts in exactly the following order:

an attribute name
zero or more space characters
a single "=" character
zero or more space characters
an attribute value

In addition to the general requirements for attribute values, an unquoted attribute value has the following restrictions:

must not contain any literal space characters
must not contain any """, "'", "=", ">", "<", or "`", characters
must not be the empty string

In the following example, the value attribute is given with the unquoted attribute value syntax:

<input value=yes>

If the value of an attribute using the unquoted attribute syntax is followed by a "/" character, then there must be at least one space character after the value and before the "/" character.

single-quoted attribute-value syntax

A single-quoted attribute value is specified by providing the following parts in exactly the following order:

an attribute name
zero or more space characters
a "=" character
zero or more space characters
a single "'" character
an attribute value
a "'" character.

In addition to the general requirements for attribute values, a single-quoted attribute value has the following restriction:

must not contain any literal "'" characters

In the following example, the type attribute is given with the single-quoted attribute value syntax:

<input type='checkbox'>

double-quoted attribute-value syntax

A double-quoted attribute value is specified by providing the following parts in exactly the following order:

an attribute name
zero or more space characters
a single "=" character
zero or more space characters
a single """ character
an attribute value
a """ character

In addition to the general requirements for attribute values, a double-quoted attribute value has the following restriction:

must not contain any literal """ characters

In the following example, the title attribute is given with the double-quoted attribute value syntax:

<code title="U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN">&lt;</code>

4.5. Text and character data # T

text in element contents (including in comments) and attribute values must consist of Unicode characters, with the following restrictions:

must not contain U+0000 characters
must not contain permanently undefined Unicode characters
must not contain control characters other than space characters

character data contains text, in some cases in combination with character references, along with certain additional restrictions. There are three types of character data that can occur in documents:

normal character data
replaceable character data
non-replaceable character data

normal character data

Certain elements contain normal character data. Normal character data can contain the following:

text
character references

Normal character data has the following restrictions:

must not contain any "<" characters

replaceable character data

In documents in the HTML syntax, the title and textarea elements can contain replaceable character data. Replaceable character data can contain the following:

text, optionally including "<" characters
character references

Replaceable character data has the following restrictions:

must not contain any ambiguous ampersands
must not contain any occurrences of the string "</" followed by characters that are a case-insensitive match for the tag name of the element containing the replaceable character data (for example, "</title" or "</textarea"), followed by a space character, ">", or "/".

Replaceable character data, as described in this reference, is a feature of the HTML syntax that is not available in the XML syntax. Documents in the XML syntax must not contain replaceable character data as described in this reference; instead they must conform to all syntax constraints described in the XML specification [XML].

non-replaceable character data

In documents in the HTML syntax, the script, and style elements can contain non-replaceable character data. Non-replaceable character data can contain the following:

text, optionally including "<" characters
ambiguous ampersands

Non-replaceable character data has the following restrictions:

must not contain character references
must not contain any occurrences of the string "</", followed by characters that are a case-insensitive match for the tag name of the element containing the replaceable character data (for example, "</script" or "</style", followed by a space character, ">", or "/".

Non-replaceable character data, as described in this reference, is a feature of the HTML syntax that is not available in the XML syntax. Documents in the XML syntax must not contain non-replaceable character data as described in this reference; instead they must conform to all syntax constraints defined in the XML specification [XML].

4.6. Character references # T

character references are a form of markup for representing single individual characters. There are three types of character references:

named character references
decimal numeric character references
hexadecimal numeric character references

named character reference

Named character references consist of the following parts in exactly the following order:

An "&" character.
One of the names listed in the “Named character references” section of the HTML5 specification [HTML5], using the same case.
A ";" character.

For further information about named character references, see [XML Entities].

The following is an example of a named character reference for the character "†" (U+2020 DAGGER).

&dagger;

decimal numeric character reference

Decimal numerical character references consist of the following parts, in exactly the following order.

An "&" character.
A "#" character.
One or more digits in the range 0–9, representing a base-ten integer that itself is a Unicode code point that is not U+0000, U+000D, in the range U+0080–U+009F, or in the range 0xD8000–0xDFFF (surrogates).
A ";" character.

The following is an example of a decimal numeric character reference for the character "†" (U+2020 DAGGER).

&#8224;

hexadecimal numeric character reference

Hexadecimal numeric character references consist of the following parts, in exactly the following order.

An "&" character.
A "#" character.
Either a "x" character or a "X" character.
One or more digits in the range 0–9, a–f, and A–F, representing a base-sixteen integer that itself is a Unicode code point that is not U+0000, U+000D, in the range U+0080–U+009F, or in the range 0xD800–0xDFFF (surrogates).
A ";" character.

The following is an example of a hexadecimal numeric character reference for the character "†" (U+2020 DAGGER).

&#x2020;

Character references are not themselves text, and no part of a character reference is text.

An ambiguous ampersand is an "&" character followed by one or more characters in the range "0" to "9", the range "a" to "z", or the range "A" to "Z", followed by a ";" (semicolon) character, where these characters do not match any of the names given in the “Named character references” section of the HTML5 specification [HTML5].

4.7. Comments # T

comments consist of the following parts, in exactly the following order:

the comment start delimiter "<!--"
text
the comment end delimiter "-->"

The text part of comments has the following restrictions:

must not start with a ">" character
must not start with the string "->"
must not contain the string "--"
must not end with a "-" character

The following is an example of a comment.

<!-- main content starts here -->

4.8. SVG and MathML elements in HTML documents # T

SVG and MathML elements are elements from the SVG and MathML namespaces.

The math element from the MathML namespace and the svg element from the SVG namespace are allowed in documents wherever phrasing content is allowed.

SVG and MathML elements can be used both in documents in the HTML syntax and in documents in the XML syntax. Syntax rules for SVG and MathML elements in documents in the XML syntax are defined in the XML specification [XML]. The following list describes additional syntax rules that specifically apply to SVG and MathML elements in documents in the HTML syntax.

SVG and MathML elements whose start tags have a single "/" character before the closing ">" character are said to be marked as self-closing.
SVG and MathML elements must either have a start tag and an end tag, or a start tag that is marked as self-closing, in which case they must not have an end tag.
SVG and MathML elements whose start tag is marked as self-closing, can’t have any contents.
The contents of an SVG or MathML element whose start tag is not marked as self-closing are any elements, character data, comments, and CDATA sections that it contains, with the restriction that any character data it contains must be normal character data.

4.9. CDATA sections in SVG and MathML contents # T

CDATA sections in SVG and MathML contents in documents in the HTML syntax consist of the following parts, in exactly the following order:

the CDATA start delimiter "<![CDATA["
text, with the additional restriction that the text must not contain the string "]]>“
the CDATA end delimiter "]]>"

CDATA sections are allowed only in the contents of elements from the SVG and MathML namespaces.

The following shows an example of a CDATA section.

<annotation encoding="text/latex">
<![CDATA[\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
The absolute value of $x$:
\[
\left|x\right|= \begin{cases}-x& \text{if $x<0$}\\
                              x& \text{otherwise}\end{cases}
\]
\end{document}]]>
</annotation>

5. HTML elements organized by function # T

This section provides an index of HTML elements organized into groups according to function.

In addition to the HTML elements listed below, the math element from the MathML namespace and the svg element from the SVG namespace are allowed in documents wherever phrasing content is allowed.

5.1. The root element #

ⓘ html – root element

5.2. Document metadata #

ⓘ head – document metadata container
ⓘ title – document title
ⓘ base – base URL
ⓘ link – inter-document relationship metadata
ⓘ meta – metadata CHANGED
ⓘ style – style (presentation) information

5.4. Sections #

ⓘ body – document body
ⓘ section – section NEW
ⓘ nav – group of navigational links NEW
ⓘ article – article NEW
ⓘ aside – tangential content NEW
ⓘ h1 – heading
ⓘ h2 – heading
ⓘ h3 – heading
ⓘ h4 – heading
ⓘ h5 – heading
ⓘ h6 – heading
ⓘ hgroup – heading group NEW
ⓘ header – header NEW
ⓘ footer – footer NEW
ⓘ address – contact information

5.5. Grouping content #

ⓘ p – paragraph
ⓘ hr – thematic break CHANGED
ⓘ br – line break
ⓘ pre – preformatted text
ⓘ blockquote – block quotation
ⓘ ol – ordered list
ⓘ ul – unordered list
ⓘ li – list item
ⓘ dl – description list
ⓘ dt – term or name
ⓘ dd – description or value
ⓘ figure – figure with optional caption NEW
ⓘ figcaption – figure caption NEW
ⓘ div – generic flow container

5.6. Text-level semantics #

ⓘ a – hyperlink CHANGED
ⓘ em – emphatic stress
ⓘ strong – strong importance
ⓘ small – small print CHANGED
ⓘ s – struck text CHANGED
ⓘ cite – cited title of a work CHANGED
ⓘ q – quoted text
ⓘ dfn – defining instance
ⓘ abbr – abbreviation
ⓘ time – date and/or time NEW
ⓘ code – code fragment
ⓘ var – variable or placeholder text
ⓘ samp – (sample) output
ⓘ kbd – user input
ⓘ sub – subscript
ⓘ sup – superscript
ⓘ i – offset text conventionally styled in italic CHANGED
ⓘ b – offset text conventionally styled in bold CHANGED
ⓘ u – offset text conventionally styled with an underline CHANGED
ⓘ mark – marked (highlighted) text NEW
ⓘ ruby – ruby annotation NEW
ⓘ rt – ruby text NEW
ⓘ rp – ruby parenthesis NEW
ⓘ bdi – BiDi isolate NEW
ⓘ bdo – BiDi override
ⓘ span – generic span

5.7. Edits #

ⓘ ins – inserted text
ⓘ del – deleted text

5.8. Embedded content #

ⓘ img – image
ⓘ iframe – nested browsing context (inline frame)
ⓘ embed – integration point for plugins NEW
ⓘ object – generic external content
ⓘ param – initialization parameters for plugins
ⓘ video – video NEW
ⓘ audio – audio stream NEW
ⓘ source – media source NEW
ⓘ track – supplementary media track NEW
ⓘ canvas – canvas for dynamic graphics NEW
ⓘ map – image-map definition
ⓘ area – image-map hyperlink

5.11. Interactive elements #

ⓘ details – control for additional on-demand information NEW
ⓘ summary – summary, caption, or legend for a details control NEW
ⓘ command – command NEW
ⓘ menu – list of commands CHANGED

6. HTML elements # T

The complete set of HTML elements is the set of elements described in the following sections.

In addition to the HTML elements listed below, the math element from the MathML namespace and the svg element from the SVG namespace are allowed in documents wherever phrasing content is allowed.

ⓘ a – hyperlink CHANGED
ⓘ abbr – abbreviation
ⓘ address – contact information
ⓘ area – image-map hyperlink
ⓘ article – article NEW
ⓘ aside – tangential content NEW
ⓘ audio – audio stream NEW
ⓘ b – offset text conventionally styled in bold CHANGED
ⓘ base – base URL
ⓘ bdi – BiDi isolate NEW
ⓘ bdo – BiDi override
ⓘ blockquote – block quotation
ⓘ body – document body
ⓘ br – line break
ⓘ button – button
ⓘ button type=submit – submit button
ⓘ button type=reset – reset button
ⓘ button type=button – button with no additional semantics
ⓘ canvas – canvas for dynamic graphics NEW
ⓘ caption – table title
ⓘ cite – cited title of a work CHANGED
ⓘ code – code fragment
ⓘ col – table column
ⓘ colgroup – table column group
ⓘ command – command NEW
ⓘ command type=command – command with an associated action NEW
ⓘ command type=radio – selection of one item from a list of items NEW
ⓘ command type=checkbox – state or option that can be toggled NEW
ⓘ datalist – predefined options for other controls NEW
ⓘ dd – description or value
ⓘ del – deleted text
ⓘ details – control for additional on-demand information NEW
ⓘ dfn – defining instance
ⓘ div – generic flow container
ⓘ dl – description list
ⓘ dt – term or name
ⓘ em – emphatic stress
ⓘ embed – integration point for plugins NEW
ⓘ fieldset – set of related form controls
ⓘ figcaption – figure caption NEW
ⓘ figure – figure with optional caption NEW
ⓘ footer – footer NEW
ⓘ form – user-submittable form
ⓘ h1 – heading
ⓘ h2 – heading
ⓘ h3 – heading
ⓘ h4 – heading
ⓘ h5 – heading
ⓘ h6 – heading
ⓘ head – document metadata container
ⓘ header – header NEW
ⓘ hgroup – heading group NEW
ⓘ hr – thematic break CHANGED
ⓘ html – root element
ⓘ i – offset text conventionally styled in italic CHANGED
ⓘ iframe – nested browsing context (inline frame)
ⓘ img – image
ⓘ input – input control CHANGED
ⓘ input type=text – text-input field
ⓘ input type=password – password-input field
ⓘ input type=checkbox – checkbox
ⓘ input type=radio – radio button
ⓘ input type=button – button
ⓘ input type=submit – submit button
ⓘ input type=reset – reset button
ⓘ input type=file – file upload control
ⓘ input type=hidden – hidden input control
ⓘ input type=image – image-coordinates input control
ⓘ input type=datetime – global date-and-time input control NEW
ⓘ input type=datetime-local – local date-and-time input control NEW
ⓘ input type=date – date input control NEW
ⓘ input type=month – year-and-month input control NEW
ⓘ input type=time – time input control NEW
ⓘ input type=week – year-and-week input control NEW
ⓘ input type=number – number input control NEW
ⓘ input type=range – imprecise number-input control NEW
ⓘ input type=email – e-mail address input control NEW
ⓘ input type=url – URL input control NEW
ⓘ input type=search – search field NEW
ⓘ input type=tel – telephone-number-input field NEW
ⓘ input type=color – color-well control NEW
ⓘ ins – inserted text
ⓘ kbd – user input
ⓘ keygen – key-pair generator/input control NEW
ⓘ label – caption for a form control
ⓘ legend – title or explanatory caption
ⓘ li – list item
ⓘ link – inter-document relationship metadata
ⓘ map – image-map definition
ⓘ mark – marked (highlighted) text NEW
ⓘ menu – list of commands CHANGED
ⓘ meta – metadata CHANGED
ⓘ meta name – name-value metadata
ⓘ meta http-equiv=refresh – “refresh” pragma directive
ⓘ meta http-equiv=default-style – “preferred stylesheet” pragma directive
ⓘ meta charset – document character-encoding declaration NEW
ⓘ meta http-equiv=content-type – document character-encoding declaration
ⓘ meter – scalar gauge NEW
ⓘ nav – group of navigational links NEW
ⓘ noscript – fallback content for script
ⓘ object – generic external content
ⓘ ol – ordered list
ⓘ optgroup – group of options
ⓘ option – option
ⓘ output – result of a calculation in a form NEW
ⓘ p – paragraph
ⓘ param – initialization parameters for plugins
ⓘ pre – preformatted text
ⓘ progress – progress indicator NEW
ⓘ q – quoted text
ⓘ rp – ruby parenthesis NEW
ⓘ rt – ruby text NEW
ⓘ ruby – ruby annotation NEW
ⓘ s – struck text CHANGED
ⓘ samp – (sample) output
ⓘ script – embedded script
ⓘ section – section NEW
ⓘ select – option-selection form control
ⓘ small – small print CHANGED
ⓘ source – media source NEW
ⓘ span – generic span
ⓘ strong – strong importance
ⓘ style – style (presentation) information
ⓘ sub – subscript
ⓘ summary – summary, caption, or legend for a details control NEW
ⓘ sup – superscript
ⓘ table – table
ⓘ tbody – table row group
ⓘ td – table cell
ⓘ textarea – text input area
ⓘ tfoot – table footer row group
ⓘ th – table header cell
ⓘ thead – table heading group
ⓘ time – date and/or time NEW
ⓘ title – document title
ⓘ tr – table row
ⓘ track – supplementary media track NEW
ⓘ u – offset text conventionally styled with an underline CHANGED
ⓘ ul – unordered list
ⓘ var – variable or placeholder text
ⓘ video – video NEW
ⓘ wbr – line-break opportunity NEW

ⓘ a – hyperlink CHANGED # T

The a element represents a hyperlink.

Permitted contents #

transparent (either phrasing content or flow content )

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & href & target & rel & hreflang & media & type

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ href = URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

A URL that provides the destination of the hyperlink. If the href attribute is not specified, the element represents a placeholder hyperlink.

ⓘ target = browsing-context name or keyword CHANGED #

A name or keyword giving a browsing context for UAs to use when following the hyperlink.

The target attribute on the a element was deprecated in a previous version of HTML, but is no longer deprecated, as it useful in Web applications, particularly in combination with the iframe element.

Any string that is either of the following:

a browsing-context name
any case-insensitive match for one of the following literal strings: "_blank", "_self", "_parent", or "_top".

ⓘ rel = set of space-separated tokens #

A list of tokens that specify the relationship between the document containing the hyperlink and the destination indicated by the hyperlink.

ⓘ hreflang = language tag #

The language of the destination of the hyperlink.

A valid language tag as defined in [BCP 47].

ⓘ media = media-query list NEW #

The media for which the destination of the hyperlink was designed.

A valid media query list as defined in [Media Queries].

ⓘ type = MIME type #

The MIME type of the destination of the hyperlink.

A string that identifies a valid MIME media type as defined in [RFC 2046].

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element a must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element a must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
The coords attribute on the a element is obsolete. For image maps, use the area element instead of the a element.
The shape attribute on the a element is obsolete. For image maps, use the area element instead of the a element.
The urn attribute on the a element is obsolete. Specify the preferred persistent identifier using the href attribute instead.
The charset attribute on the a element is obsolete. Use an HTTP Content-Type header on the linked resource instead.
The methods attribute on the a element is obsolete. Use the HTTP OPTIONS feature instead.
The rev attribute on the a element is obsolete. Use the rel attribute instead, with a term having the opposite meaning.
The name attribute on the a element is obsolete. Consider putting an id attribute on the nearest container instead.

Tag omission #

An a element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements, any element that can contain flow elements

Changes in HTML5 #

Although previous versions of HTML restricted the a element to only containing phrasing content (essentially, what was in previous versions referred to as “inline” content), the a element is now transparent; that is, an instance of the a element is now allowed to also contain flow content (essentially, what was in previous versions referred to as “block” content)—if the parent element of that instance of the a element is an element that is allowed to contain flow content.

Details #

If the contents of an a element are empty, the element represents an empty hyperlink.

DOM interface #

interface HTMLAnchorElement : HTMLElement {
  stringifier attribute DOMString href;
           attribute DOMString target;

           attribute DOMString rel;
  readonly attribute DOMTokenList relList;
           attribute DOMString media;
           attribute DOMString hreflang;
           attribute DOMString type;

           attribute DOMString text;

  // URL decomposition IDL attributes
           attribute DOMString protocol;
           attribute DOMString host;
           attribute DOMString hostname;
           attribute DOMString port;
           attribute DOMString pathname;
           attribute DOMString search;
           attribute DOMString hash;
};

Typical default display properties #

a:link, a:visited {

color: (internal value);

text-decoration: underline;

cursor: auto; }

a:link:active, a:visited:active {

color: (internal value); }

Examples #

A hyperlink intended to be useful in output for all media types except the print media type.

<a href="./page2.html" rel=next media="not print">next</a>

The name attribute is obsolete.

<a name="section5"/>

A placeholder hyperlink.

<a>prev</a>

A hyperlink that will cause its target to be opened in a new browsing context.

<a href="http://help.example.com" target="_blank">Help</a>

The value of the href attribute contains a space character.

some <a href="http://example.com/Archive/Public Data/">public</a> data is also available

A hyperlink that represents multiple link types.

<a href="../toc.html" rel="index up">up</a>

A hyperlink that contains a paragraph.

<a href="javascript:void(0);"
  onmouseover="return anno('Note: This paragraph is informative only.')
  onmouseout="return anno_bye();">
<p>The following is introductory information…</p>
</a>

ⓘ abbr – abbreviation # T

The abbr element represents an abbreviation or acronym.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

An abbr element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

Details #

The title attribute on the abbr element represents the expansion of the abbreviation or acronym.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

ⓘ address – contact information # T

The address element represents contact information.

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The address element must not contain any nested address elements.

Tag omission #

An address element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

Details #

If an address element applies to a body element, then it represents contact information for the document as a whole. If an address element applies to a section of a document, then it represents contact information for that section only.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

address {

display: block; }

address {

font-style: italic; }

ⓘ area – image-map hyperlink # T

The area element represents either a hyperlink with some text and a corresponding area on an image map, or a dead area on an image map.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & alt★ & href★ & target & rel & media & hreflang & type & shape="rect" & coords★ or shape="circle"★ & coords★ or shape="poly"★ & coords★ or shape="default"

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ alt = any value #

Equivalent content for those who cannot process images or who have image loading disabled.

ⓘ href = URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

A URL that provides the destination of the hyperlink for this area.

ⓘ target = browsing-context name or keyword #

A name or keyword giving a browsing context for UAs to use when following the hyperlink for this area.

Any string that is either of the following:

a browsing-context name
any case-insensitive match for one of the following literal strings: "_blank", "_self", "_parent", or "_top".

ⓘ rel = set of space-separated tokens NEW #

A list of tokens that specify the relationship between the document containing the area and the destination indicated by the area.

ⓘ media = media-query list NEW #

The media for which the destination of the hyperlink was designed.

A valid media query list as defined in [Media Queries].

ⓘ hreflang = language tag NEW #

The language of the destination of the hyperlink.

A valid language tag as defined in [BCP 47].

ⓘ type = MIME type #

The MIME type of the destination of the hyperlink.

A string that identifies a valid MIME media type as defined in [RFC 2046].

ⓘ shape = "rect" & coords = rectangle coordinates # #

Specifies that the shape of the area of this hyperlink on the image map is a rectangle.

A comma-separated list of four integers, in exactly the following order:

an integer representing the distance in CSS pixels from the left edge of the image to the left side of the rectangle
an integer representing the distance in CSS pixels from the top edge of the image to the top side of the rectangle
an integer, greater than the value of the first integer in this list, representing the distance in CSS pixels from the left edge of the image to the right side of the rectangle
an integer, greater than the value of the second integer in this list, representing the distance in CSS pixels from the top edge of the image to the bottom side of the rectangle

ⓘ shape = "circle" & coords = circle coordinates # #

Specifies that the shape of the area of this hyperlink on the image map is a circle.

A comma-separated list of three numbers, in exactly the following order:

an integer representing the distance in CSS pixels from the left edge of the image to the center of the circle
an integer representing the distance in CSS pixels from the top edge of the image to the center of the circle
a non-negative integer, representing the radius of the circle, in CSS pixels

ⓘ shape = "poly" & coords = polygon coordinates # #

Specifies that the shape of the area of this hyperlink on the image map is a polygon.

A comma-separated list of at least six integers, with the total number of integers in the list being even (that is, six or eight or ten numbers, and so on). Each pair of integers represents a coordinate, in CSS pixels, given as the distances from, respectively, the left and the top of the image; all the coordinates together represent the points of the polygon, in order.

ⓘ shape = "default" #

Specifies that the shape of the area of this hyperlink on the image map is a rectangle that exactly covers the entire image.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The area element must have an ancestor map element.
The nohref attribute on the area element is obsolete. Omitting the href attribute is sufficient.

Tag omission #

The area element is a void element. An area element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLAreaElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString coords;
           attribute DOMString shape;
  stringifier attribute DOMString href;
           attribute DOMString target;

           attribute DOMString rel;
  readonly attribute DOMTokenList relList;
           attribute DOMString media;
           attribute DOMString hreflang;
           attribute DOMString type;

  // URL decomposition IDL attributes
           attribute DOMString protocol;
           attribute DOMString host;
           attribute DOMString hostname;
           attribute DOMString port;
           attribute DOMString pathname;
           attribute DOMString search;
           attribute DOMString hash;
};

Typical default display properties #

area {

display: none; }

ⓘ article – article NEW # T

The article element represents a section of content that forms an independent part of a document or site; for example, a magazine or newspaper article, or a blog entry.

Permitted contents #

zero or more style elements, followed by flow content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The sectioning element article must not appear as a descendant of the address element.

Tag omission #

An article element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

article {

display: block; }

ⓘ aside – tangential content NEW # T

The aside element represents content that is tangentially related to the content that forms the main textual flow of a document.

Permitted contents #

zero or more style elements, followed by flow content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The sectioning element aside must not appear as a descendant of the address element.

Tag omission #

An aside element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

Details #

In printed documents, the type of tangential content that the aside element represents is sometimes formatted as a sidebar or annotation or footnote.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

aside {

display: block; }

ⓘ audio – audio stream NEW # T

An audio element represents an audio stream.

Permitted contents #

Transparent, with the following specific structure:

a src attribute, or zero or more source elements followed by zero or more track elements, followed by flow content

a src attribute, or zero or more source elements followed by zero or more track elements, followed by phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & autoplay & preload & controls & loop & mediagroup & muted & src

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ autoplay = "autoplay" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Instructs the UA to automatically begin playback of the audio stream as soon as it can do so without stopping.

ⓘ preload = "none" or "metadata" or "auto" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Represents a hint to the UA about whether optimistic downloading of the audio stream itself or its metadata is considered worthwhile.

"none": Hints to the UA that the user is not expected to need the audio stream, or that minimizing unnecessary traffic is desirable.
"metadata": Hints to the UA that the user is not expected to need the audio stream, but that fetching its metadata (duration and so on) is desirable.
"auto": Hints to the UA that optimistically downloading the entire audio stream is considered desirable.

Specifying the empty string is equivalent to specifying the value "auto".

ⓘ controls = "controls" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Instructs the UA to expose a user interface for controlling playback of the audio stream.

ⓘ loop = "loop" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Instructs the UA to seek back to the start of the audio stream upon reaching the end.

ⓘ mediagroup = string #

Instructs the UA to link multiple videos and/or audio streams together.

ⓘ muted = "muted" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Represents the default state of the audio stream, potentially overriding user preferences.

ⓘ src = non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

The URL for the audio stream.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element audio with the attribute controls must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element audio with the attribute controls must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
audio element has more than one “track” child element with a default attribute.

Tag omission #

An audio element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements, any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

[NamedConstructor=Audio(),
 NamedConstructor=Audio(DOMString src)]
interface HTMLAudioElement : HTMLMediaElement {};

ⓘ b – offset text conventionally styled in bold CHANGED # T

The b element represents a span of text offset from its surrounding content without conveying any extra emphasis or importance, and for which the conventional typographic presentation is bold text; for example, keywords in a document abstract, or product names in a review.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A b element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

Changes in HTML5 #

Although previous versions of HTML defined the b element only in presentational terms, the element has now been given the specific semantic purpose of representing text “offset from its surrounding content without conveying any extra emphasis or importance, and for which the conventional typographic presentation is bold text”.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

b {

font-weight: bold; }

ⓘ base – base URL # T

The base element specifies a document-wide base URL for the purposes of resolving relative URLs, and a document-wide default browsing context name for the purposes of following hyperlinks.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & href★ & target or target★

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ href = URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

The base URL for the document.

ⓘ target = browsing-context name or keyword NEW #

A browsing context name or keyword for use in following hyperlinks.

Any string that is either of the following:

a browsing-context name
any case-insensitive match for one of the following literal strings: "_blank", "_self", "_parent", or "_top".

Tag omission #

The base element is a void element. A base element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

head

DOM interface #

interface HTMLBaseElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString href;
           attribute DOMString target;
};

ⓘ bdi – BiDi isolate NEW # T

The bdi element represents a span of text that is isolated from its surroundings for the purposes of bidirectional text formatting [BIDI].

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A bdi element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

bdi {

unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; }

ⓘ bdo – BiDi override # T

The bdo element represents an explicit text directionality formatting control for its children; it provides a means to specify a direction override of the Unicode BiDi algorithm [BIDI].

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

A bdo element must have a dir attribute.

Tag omission #

A bdo element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

bdo {

unicode-bidi: bidi-override; }

ⓘ blockquote – block quotation # T

The blockquote element represents a section that is quoted from another source.

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & cite

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ cite = URL potentially surrounded by spaces #: A URL referencing the original source for the quoted material.

Tag omission #

A blockquote element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLQuoteElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString cite;
};

Typical default display properties #

blockquote {

display: block;

margin-before: 1em;

margin-after: 1em;

margin-start: 40px;

margin-end: 40px; }

ⓘ body – document body # T

The body element represents the body of a document (as opposed to the document’s metadata).

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & onafterprint & onbeforeprint & onbeforeunload & onblur & onerror & onfocus & onhashchange & onload & onmessage & onoffline & ononline & onpagehide & onpageshow & onpopstate & onresize & onstorage & onunload

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ onafterprint = functionbody NEW #: User printed current document.
ⓘ onbeforeprint = functionbody NEW #: User requested printing of current document.
ⓘ onbeforeunload = functionbody NEW #: Document is about to be unloaded.
ⓘ onblur = functionbody #: Document lost focus.
ⓘ onerror = functionbody NEW #: Document failed to load properly.
ⓘ onfocus = functionbody #: Document received focus.
ⓘ onhashchange = functionbody NEW #: Fragment identifier part of the document’s current address changed.
ⓘ onload = functionbody #: Document finished loading.
ⓘ onmessage = functionbody NEW #: Document received a message.
ⓘ onoffline = functionbody NEW #: Network connections failed.
ⓘ ononline = functionbody NEW #: Network connections returned.
ⓘ onpagehide = functionbody #
ⓘ onpageshow = functionbody #
ⓘ onpopstate = functionbody NEW #: User navigated session history.
ⓘ onresize = functionbody NEW #: Document view was resized.
ⓘ onstorage = functionbody NEW #: Storage area changed.
ⓘ onunload = functionbody #: Document is going away.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The alink attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The background attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The bgcolor attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The link attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The marginbottom attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The marginheight attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The marginleft attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The marginright attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The margintop attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The marginwidth attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The text attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The vlink attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A body element’s start tag may be omitted if the first thing inside the body element is not a space character or a comment, except if the first thing inside the body element is a script or style element.

A body element’s end tag may be omitted if the body element is not immediately followed by a comment and the element is either not empty or its start tag has not been omitted.

Permitted parent elements #

html

DOM interface #

interface HTMLBodyElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute EventHandler onafterprint;
           attribute EventHandler onbeforeprint;
           attribute EventHandler onbeforeunload;
           attribute EventHandler onblur;
           attribute OnErrorEventHandler onerror;
           attribute EventHandler onfocus;
           attribute EventHandler onhashchange;
           attribute EventHandler onload;
           attribute EventHandler onmessage;
           attribute EventHandler onoffline;
           attribute EventHandler ononline;
           attribute EventHandler onpopstate;
           attribute EventHandler onpagehide;
           attribute EventHandler onpageshow;
           attribute EventHandler onresize;
           attribute EventHandler onscroll;
           attribute EventHandler onstorage;
           attribute EventHandler onunload;
};

Typical default display properties #

body {

display: block;

margin: 8px; }

body:focus {

outline: none; }

ⓘ br – line break # T

The br element represents a line break.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The clear attribute on the br element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The br element is a void element. A br element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLBRElement : HTMLElement {};

ⓘ button – button # T

The button element is a multipurpose element for representing buttons.

The details of the button element are described in the following sections:

button type=submit
button type=reset
button type=button

A button element with no type attribute specified represents the same thing as a button element with its type attribute set to "submit".

ⓘ button type=submit – submit button # T

The button element with a type attribute whose value is "submit" represents a button for submitting a form.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type & value & formaction & autofocus & formenctype & formmethod & formtarget & formnovalidate

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

ⓘ type = "submit" #

Specifies that its button element is a button for submitting a form.

ⓘ value = string #

The value part of the name/value pair associated with this button for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ formaction = non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces NEW #

The form-submission action for the element.

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ formenctype = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" or "multipart/form-data" or "text/plain" NEW #

A MIME type with which a UA is meant to associate this element for form submission.

ⓘ formmethod = "get" or "post" NEW #

The HTTP method with which a UA is meant to associate this element for form submission.

ⓘ formtarget = browsing-context name or keyword NEW #

A browsing context name or keyword that represents the target of the control.

Any string that is either of the following:

a browsing-context name
any case-insensitive match for one of the following literal strings: "_blank", "_self", "_parent", or "_top".

ⓘ formnovalidate = "formnovalidate" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control whose value is not meant to be validated during form submission.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element button must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element button must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any button element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.

Tag omission #

A button element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLButtonElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString value;

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;
};

ⓘ button type=reset – reset button # T

The button element with a type attribute whose value is "reset" represents a button for resetting a form.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & value & autofocus

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
ⓘ type = "reset" #: Specifies that its button element is a button for resetting a form.
ⓘ value = string #: The value part of the name/value pair associated with this button for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element button must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element button must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any button element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.

Tag omission #

A button element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLButtonElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString value;

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;
};

ⓘ button type=button – button with no additional semantics # T

The button element with a type attribute whose value is "button" represents a button with no additional semantics.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & value & autofocus

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
ⓘ type = "button" #: Specifies that its button element is a button with no additional semantics.
ⓘ value = string #: The value part of the name/value pair associated with this button for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element button must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element button must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any button element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.

Tag omission #

A button element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLButtonElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString value;

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;
};

ⓘ canvas – canvas for dynamic graphics NEW # T

The canvas element represents a resolution-dependent bitmap canvas, which can be used for dynamically rendering of images such as game graphics, graphs, or other images.

Permitted contents #

transparent (either phrasing content or flow content )

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & height & width

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ height = non-negative integer #: The height of the canvas, in CSS pixels.
ⓘ width = non-negative integer #: The width of the canvas, in CSS pixels.

Tag omission #

A canvas element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements, any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLCanvasElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute unsigned long width;
           attribute unsigned long height;

  DOMString toDataURL(optional DOMString type, any... arguments);
  DOMString toDataURLHD(optional DOMString type, any... arguments);
  void toBlob(FileCallback? _callback, optional DOMString type, any... arguments);
  void toBlobHD(FileCallback? _callback, optional DOMString type, any... arguments);

  object? getContext(DOMString contextId, any... arguments);
};

ⓘ caption – table title # T

The caption element represents the title of the table that is its parent.

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The align attribute on the caption element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A caption element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

table

DOM interface #

interface HTMLTableCaptionElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

caption {

display: table-caption;

text-align: center; }

ⓘ cite – cited title of a work CHANGED # T

The cite element represents the cited title of a work; for example, the title of a book mentioned within the main text flow of a document.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A cite element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

Changes in HTML5 #

Although previous versions of HTML implied that the cite element can be used to mark up the name of a person, that usage is no longer considered conforming. The cite element now solely represents the cited title of a work; for example, the title of a book, paper, essay, poem, score, song, script, film, TV show, game, sculpture, painting, theater production, play, opera, musical, exhibition, legal case report, or other such work.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

cite {

font-style: italic; }

ⓘ code – code fragment # T

The code element represents a fragment of computer code.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A code element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

code {

font-family: monospace; }

ⓘ col – table column # T

The col element represents one or more columns in the column group represented by its colgroup parent.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & span

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ span = positive integer #: Specifies the number of columns “spanned” by its col element; the col element shares its attributes with all the columns it spans.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The align attribute on the col element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The width attribute on the col element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The char attribute on the col element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The charoff attribute on the col element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The valign attribute on the col element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The col element is a void element. A col element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

colgroup

DOM interface #

interface HTMLTableColElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute unsigned long span;
};

Typical default display properties #

col {

display: table-column; }

ⓘ colgroup – table column group # T

The colgroup element represents a group of one or more columns in the table that is its parent.

Permitted contents #

zero or more col elements, or an optional span attribute

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & span

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ span = positive integer #: The number of columns in the group.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The width attribute on the colgroup element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The char attribute on the colgroup element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The charoff attribute on the colgroup element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The valign attribute on the colgroup element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A colgroup element's start tag may be omitted if the first thing inside the colgroup element is a col element, and if the element is not immediately preceded by another colgroup element whose end tag has been omitted.

A colgroup element’s end tag may be omitted if the colgroup element is not immediately followed by a space character or a comment.

Permitted parent elements #

table

DOM interface #

interface HTMLTableColElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute unsigned long span;
};

Typical default display properties #

colgroup {

display: table-column-group; }

ⓘ command – command NEW # T

The command element is a multipurpose element for representing commands.

The details of the command element are described in the following sections:

command type=command
command type=radio
command type=checkbox

A command element with no type attribute specified represents the same thing as a command element with its type attribute set to "command".

ⓘ command type=command – command with an associated action NEW # T

The command element with a type attribute whose value is "command" represents a command with an associated action.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & type & label & icon & disabled

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ type = "command" #: Specifies that its command element is a command with an associated action.
ⓘ label = string #: The name of the command, as shown to the user.
ⓘ icon = URL potentially surrounded by spaces #: A URL for an image that represents the command.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the command is not currently available.

Tag omission #

The command element is a void element. A command element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain metadata elements, any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLCommandElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString label;
           attribute DOMString icon;
           attribute boolean disabled;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString radiogroup;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? command;
};

ⓘ command type=radio – selection of one item from a list of items NEW # T

The command element with a type attribute whose value is "radio" represents a selection of one item from a list of items.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & type★ & radiogroup★ & checked & label & icon & disabled

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ type = "radio" #: Specifies that its command element represents a selection of one item from a list of items.
ⓘ radiogroup = string #: The name of the group of commands that will be toggled when the command itself is toggled.
ⓘ checked = "checked" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the command is selected.
ⓘ label = string #: The name of the command, as shown to the user.
ⓘ icon = URL potentially surrounded by spaces #: A URL for an image that represents the command.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the command is not currently available.

Tag omission #

The command element is a void element. A command element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain metadata elements, any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLCommandElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString label;
           attribute DOMString icon;
           attribute boolean disabled;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString radiogroup;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? command;
};

ⓘ command type=checkbox – state or option that can be toggled NEW # T

The command element with a type attribute whose value is "checkbox" represents a state or option that can be toggled.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & type★ & checked & label & icon & disabled

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ type = "checkbox" #: Specifies that its command element represents a state or option that can be toggled.
ⓘ checked = "checked" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the command is selected.
ⓘ label = string #: The name of the command, as shown to the user.
ⓘ icon = non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #: A URL for an image that represents the command.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the command is not currently available.

Tag omission #

The command element is a void element. A command element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain metadata elements, any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLCommandElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString label;
           attribute DOMString icon;
           attribute boolean disabled;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString radiogroup;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? command;
};

ⓘ datalist – predefined options for other controls NEW # T

The datalist element represents a set of option elements that represent predefined options for other controls.

Permitted contents #

zero or more option elements, intermixed with phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A datalist element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

Details #

The contents of the datalist element represent fallback content for legacy user agents, intermixed with option elements that represent the predefined options.

DOM interface #

interface HTMLDataListElement : HTMLElement {
  readonly attribute HTMLCollection options;
};

Typical default display properties #

datalist {

display: none; }

ⓘ dd – description or value # T

The dd element represents a description or value.

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A dd element must have a start tag.

A dd element’s end tag may be omitted if the dd element is immediately followed by another dd element or a dd element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.

Permitted parent elements #

Details #

The dd element represents the description or value part of a term-description (name-value) grouping in a description list.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

dd {

display: block;

margin-start: 40px; }

ⓘ del – deleted text # T

The del element represents a range of text that has been deleted from a document.

Permitted contents #

transparent (either phrasing content or flow content )

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & cite & datetime (any)

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ cite = URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

The address of a document that explains why the text was deleted.

ⓘ datetime = date and time or date #

The date and time when the text was deleted.

A valid date-time as defined in [RFC 3339], with these additional qualifications:

the literal letters T and Z in the date/time syntax must always be uppercase
the date-fullyear production is instead defined as four or more digits representing a number greater than 0

Examples:

1990-12-31T23:59:60Z
1996-12-19T16:39:57-08:00

A valid full-date as defined in [RFC 3339], with the additional qualification that the year component is four or more digits representing a number greater than 0.

Example:

1996-12-19

Tag omission #

A del element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements, any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLModElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString cite;
           attribute DOMString dateTime;
};

Typical default display properties #

del {

text-decoration: line-through; }

ⓘ details – control for additional on-demand information NEW # T

The details element represents a control from which the user can obtain additional information or controls on-demand.

Permitted contents #

one summary element, followed by flow content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & open

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ open = "open" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the contents of the details element should be shown to the user.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element details must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element details must not appear as a descendant of the button element.

Tag omission #

A details element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLDetailsElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute boolean open;
};

Typical default display properties #

details {

display: block; }

ⓘ dfn – defining instance # T

The dfn element represents the defining instance of a term.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The dfn element must not contain any nested dfn elements.

Tag omission #

A dfn element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

dfn {

font-style: italic; }

ⓘ div – generic flow container # T

The div element is a generic container for flow content that by itself does not represent anything.

Permitted contents #

zero or more style elements, followed by flow content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The align attribute on the div element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A div element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

Details #

The div can be used with attributes such as class, lang, xml:lang, and title to add additional semantics and structure to flow content.

DOM interface #

interface HTMLDivElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

div {

display: block; }

ⓘ dl – description list # T

The dl element represents a description list.

Permitted contents #

zero or more of: one or more dt elements, followed by one or more dd elements

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The compact attribute on the dl element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A dl element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

Details #

The dl element represents a description list, which consists of zero or more term-description (name-value) groupings; each grouping associates one or more terms/names (the contents of dt elements) with one or more descriptions/values (the contents of dd elements).

DOM interface #

interface HTMLDListElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

dl {

display: block;

margin-before: 1em;

margin-after: 1em;

margin-start: 0;

margin-end: 0; }

ⓘ dt – term or name # T

The dt element represents a term or name.

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A dt element must have a start tag.

A dt element’s end tag may be omitted if the dt element is immediately followed by another dt element or a dd element.

Permitted parent elements #

Details #

The dt element represents the term or name part of a term-description (name-value) grouping in a description list.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

dt {

display: block; }

ⓘ em – emphatic stress # T

The em element represents a span of text with emphatic stress.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

An em element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

em {

font-style: italic; }

ⓘ embed – integration point for plugins NEW # T

The embed element represents an integration point for external content.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & src & type & height & width & Any other attribute that has no namespace

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ src = non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #: The address of the content being embedded.
ⓘ type = MIME type #: The MIME type of the plugin to instantiate.; A string that identifies a valid MIME media type as defined in [RFC 2046].
ⓘ height = non-negative integer #: The height of the embedded content, in CSS pixels.
ⓘ width = non-negative integer #: The width of the embedded content, in CSS pixels.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element embed must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element embed must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
The name attribute on the embed element is obsolete. Use the id attribute instead.
The align attribute on the embed element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The hspace attribute on the embed element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The vspace attribute on the embed element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The embed element is a void element. An embed element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

Details #

The embed element represents an integration point for external content — typically, non-HTML content such as an application or some other type of interactive content which involves use of a third-party plugin as a handler (rather than being natively supported by the UA).

DOM interface #

interface HTMLEmbedElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString width;
           attribute DOMString height;
  legacycaller any (any... arguments);
};

Typical default display properties #

embed:focus {

outline: none; }

ⓘ fieldset – set of related form controls # T

The fieldset element represents a set of form controls grouped under a common name.

Permitted contents #

an optional legend element, followed by flow content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

Tag omission #

A fieldset element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLFieldSetElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
           attribute DOMString name;

  readonly attribute DOMString type;

  readonly attribute HTMLFormControlsCollection elements;

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);
};

Typical default display properties #

fieldset {

display: block;

margin-start: 2px;

margin-end: 2px;

padding-before: 0.35em;

padding-start: 0.75em;

padding-end: 0.75em;

padding-after: 0.625em;

border: 2px groove (internal value); }

ⓘ figcaption – figure caption NEW # T

The figcaption element represents a caption or legend for a figure.

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A figcaption element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

figure

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

figcaption {

display: block; }

ⓘ figure – figure with optional caption NEW # T

The figure element represents a unit of content, optionally with a caption, that is self-contained, that is typically referenced as a single unit from the main flow of the document, and that can be moved away from the main flow of the document without affecting the document’s meaning.

Permitted contents #

one figcaption element, followed by flow content or flow content followed by an optional figcaption element

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A figure element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

figure {

display: block;

margin-before: 1em;

margin-after: 1em;

margin-start: 40px;

margin-end: 40px; }

ⓘ footer – footer NEW # T

Permitted contents #

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

ⓘ form – user-submittable form # T

The form element represents a user-submittable form.

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & action & method & enctype & name & accept-charset & novalidate & target & autocomplete

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ action = non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

The submission action for the form.

ⓘ method = "get" or "post" #

The HTTP method with which a UA is meant to associate this element for form submission.

ⓘ enctype = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" or "multipart/form-data" or "text/plain" #

A MIME type with which a UA is meant to associate the form contents for form submission.

ⓘ name = non-empty string #

The name of the form.

Any string that is not empty.

ⓘ accept-charset = list of character-encoding names #

Specifies the character encodings used for form submission.

An ordered set of unique space-separated tokens, each of which must be a valid character encoding name that specifies an ASCII-compatible character encoding.

ⓘ novalidate = "novalidate" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a form that is not meant to be validated during form submission.

ⓘ target = browsing-context name or keyword #

A browsing context or keyword that represents the target of the form.

Any string that is either of the following:

a browsing-context name
any case-insensitive match for one of the following literal strings: "_blank", "_self", "_parent", or "_top".

ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #

Specifies whether the element represents a form for which by default a UA is meant to store the values entered into its input elements by the user (so that the UA can pre-fill the form later).

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The form element must not contain any nested form elements.

Tag omission #

A form element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

[OverrideBuiltins]
interface HTMLFormElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString acceptCharset;
           attribute DOMString action;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute DOMString enctype;
           attribute DOMString encoding;
           attribute DOMString method;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute boolean noValidate;
           attribute DOMString target;

  readonly attribute HTMLFormControlsCollection elements;
  readonly attribute long length;
  getter Element (unsigned long index);
  getter object (DOMString name);

  void submit();
  void reset();
  boolean checkValidity();
};

Typical default display properties #

form {

display: block;

margin-top: 0em; }

ⓘ h1 – heading # T

The h1 through h6 elements are headings for the sections with which they are associated.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The h1 element must not appear as a descendant of the address element.
The align attribute on the h1 element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

An h1 element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements, hgroup

DOM interface #

interface HTMLHeadingElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

h1 {

display: block;

font-size: 2em;

margin-before: 0.67em;

margin-after: 0.67em;

margin-start: 0;

margin-end: 0;

font-weight: bold; }

ⓘ h2 – heading # T

The h1 through h6 elements are headings for the sections with which they are associated.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The h2 element must not appear as a descendant of the address element.
The align attribute on the h2 element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

An h2 element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements, hgroup

DOM interface #

interface HTMLHeadingElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

h2 {

display: block;

font-size: 1.5em;

margin-before: 0.83em;

margin-after: 0.83em;

margin-start: 0;

margin-end: 0;

font-weight: bold; }

ⓘ h3 – heading # T

The h1 through h6 elements are headings for the sections with which they are associated.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The h3 element must not appear as a descendant of the address element.
The align attribute on the h3 element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

An h3 element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements, hgroup

DOM interface #

interface HTMLHeadingElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

h3 {

display: block;

font-size: 1.17em;

margin-before: 1em;

margin-after: 1em;

margin-start: 0;

margin-end: 0;

font-weight: bold; }

ⓘ h4 – heading # T

The h1 through h6 elements are headings for the sections with which they are associated.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The h4 element must not appear as a descendant of the address element.
The align attribute on the h4 element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

An h4 element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements, hgroup

DOM interface #

interface HTMLHeadingElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

h4 {

display: block;

margin-before: 1.33em;

margin-after: 1.33em;

margin-start: 0;

margin-end: 0;

font-weight: bold; }

ⓘ h5 – heading # T

The h1 through h6 elements are headings for the sections with which they are associated.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The h5 element must not appear as a descendant of the address element.
The align attribute on the h5 element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

An h5 element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements, hgroup

DOM interface #

interface HTMLHeadingElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

h5 {

display: block;

font-size: .83em;

margin-before: 1.67em;

margin-after: 1.67em;

margin-start: 0;

margin-end: 0;

font-weight: bold; }

ⓘ h6 – heading # T

The h1 through h6 elements are headings for the sections with which they are associated.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The h6 element must not appear as a descendant of the address element.
The align attribute on the h6 element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

An h6 element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements, hgroup

DOM interface #

interface HTMLHeadingElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

h6 {

display: block;

font-size: .67em;

margin-before: 2.33em;

margin-after: 2.33em;

margin-start: 0;

margin-end: 0;

font-weight: bold; }

ⓘ head – document metadata container # T

The head element collects the document’s metadata.

Permitted contents #

one title element, intermixed with an optional base element, intermixed with metadata elements

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The profile attribute on the head element is obsolete. To declare which meta element terms are used in the document, instead register the names as meta extensions. To trigger specific UA behaviors, use a link element instead.

Tag omission #

A head element’s start tag may be omitted if the first thing inside the head element is an element.

A head element’s end tag may be omitted if the head element is not immediately followed by a space character or a comment.

Permitted parent elements #

html

DOM interface #

interface HTMLHeadElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

head {

display: none; }

ⓘ header – header NEW # T

The header element represents the header of a section.

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The header element must not appear as a descendant of the footer element.
The header element must not appear as a descendant of the address element.
The header element must not appear as a descendant of the header element.

Tag omission #

A header element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

Details #

The header element typically contains the headings for a section (an h1-h6 element or hgroup element), along with content such as introductory material or navigational aids for the section.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

header {

display: block; }

ⓘ hgroup – heading group NEW # T

The hgroup element represents a group of headings.

Permitted contents #

one or more of: one h1 element, or one h2 element, or one h3 element, or one h4 element, or one h5 element, or one h6 element

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A hgroup element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

Details #

The hgroup element is typically used to group a set of one or more h1-h6 elements — to group, for example, a section title and an accompanying subtitle.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

hgroup {

display: block; }

ⓘ hr – thematic break CHANGED # T

The hr element represents a paragraph-level thematic break.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The align attribute on the hr element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The width attribute on the hr element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The noshade attribute on the hr element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The size attribute on the hr element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The color attribute on the hr element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The hr element is a void element. An hr element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

Changes in HTML5 #

Although previous versions of HTML defined the hr element only in presentational terms, the element has now been given the specific semantic purpose of representing a “paragraph-level thematic break”.

Details #

Some examples of thematic breaks that can be marked up using the hr element include a scene change in a story, or a transition to another topic within a section of a reference book.

DOM interface #

interface HTMLHRElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

hr {

display: block;

margin-before: 0.5em;

margin-after: 0.5em;

margin-start: auto;

margin-end: auto;

border-style: inset;

border-width: 1px; }

ⓘ html – root element # T

The html element represents the root of a document.

Permitted contents #

one head element, followed by one body element

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & manifest

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ manifest = non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces NEW #: The address of the document’s application cache manifest (which controls caching of content for offline use).

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The version attribute on the html element is obsolete. You can safely omit it.

Tag omission #

An html element’s start tag may be omitted if the first thing inside the html element is not a comment.

An html element’s end tag may be omitted if the html element is not immediately followed by a comment and the element contains a body element that is either not empty or whose start tag has not been omitted.

DOM interface #

interface HTMLHtmlElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

html {

display: block; }

html:focus {

outline: none; }

ⓘ i – offset text conventionally styled in italic CHANGED # T

The i element represents a span of text offset from its surrounding content without conveying any extra emphasis or importance, and for which the conventional typographic presentation is italic text; for example, a taxonomic designation, a technical term, an idiomatic phrase from another language, a thought, or a ship name.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

An i element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

Changes in HTML5 #

Although previous versions of HTML defined the i element only in presentational terms, the element has now been given the specific semantic purpose of representing text “offset from its surrounding content without conveying any extra emphasis or importance, and for which the conventional typographic presentation is italic text”.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

i {

font-style: italic; }

ⓘ iframe – nested browsing context (inline frame) # T

The iframe element introduces a new nested browsing context.

Permitted contents #

normal character data

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & src & srcdoc & name & width & height & sandbox & seamless

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ src = non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

The address of a document for the nested browsing context to contain.

ⓘ srcdoc = string #

The content of a document for the nested browsing context to contain.

ⓘ name = browsing-context name #

A valid browsing context name.

Any string, with the following restrictions:

must not start with a "_" character
must be at least one character long

ⓘ width = non-negative integer #

The width of the iframe, in CSS pixels.

ⓘ height = non-negative integer #

The height of the iframe, in CSS pixels.

ⓘ sandbox = sandbox “allow” keywords list NEW #

Instructs the UA to “sandbox” the iframe by disallowing/disabling various features, and then (optionally) re-allowing/re-enabling particular features.

The presence of this attribute—even if no value is given (that is, the attribute is specified using empty attribute syntax) or even if the value consists only of space characters—instructs the UA to enforce all the following default sandbox restrictions:

plugins are disallowed/disabled within the iframe
forms are disallowed/disabled within the iframe
scripts are disallowed/disabled within the iframe
links to other browsing contexts are disallowed/disabled within the iframe
same-origin treatment of the content hosted by the iframe and the content which hosts the iframe is disallowed/disabled; the iframe is instead treated as being from a unique origin

If any sandbox “allow” keywords are given, they instruct the UA to override particular default sandbox restrictions by re-allowing/re-enabling certain features, as follows:

allow-forms: re-enables forms
allow-scripts: re-enables scripts
allow-top-navigation: re-enables links within the content of the iframe to navigate to its top-level browsing context
allow-same-origin: re-enables same-origin treatment of the content hosted by the iframe and the content which hosts the iframe (instead of forcing the iframe into a unique origin)

ⓘ seamless = "seamless" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Instructs the UA that the iframe element’s browsing context is to be rendered in a manner that makes it appear to be part of the containing document (seamlessly included in the parent document).

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element iframe must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element iframe must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
The longdesc attribute on the iframe element is obsolete. Use a regular a element to link to the description.
The align attribute on the iframe element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The allowtransparency attribute on the iframe element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The frameborder attribute on the iframe element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The marginheight attribute on the iframe element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The marginwidth attribute on the iframe element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The scrolling attribute on the iframe element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

An iframe element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLIFrameElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString srcdoc;
           attribute DOMString name;
  [PutForwards=value] readonly attribute DOMSettableTokenList sandbox;
           attribute boolean seamless;
           attribute DOMString width;
           attribute DOMString height;
  readonly attribute Document? contentDocument;
  readonly attribute WindowProxy? contentWindow;
};

Typical default display properties #

iframe:focus {

outline: none; }

iframe[seamless] {

display: block; }

ⓘ img – image # T

The img element represents an image.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & src★ & alt & height & width & usemap & ismap & border

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ src = non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #: A URL referencing a non-interactive, optionally animated, image that is neither paged nor scripted.
ⓘ alt = any value #: Equivalent content for those who cannot process images or who have image loading disabled.
ⓘ height = non-negative integer #: The height of the image, in CSS pixels.
ⓘ width = non-negative integer #: The width of the image, in CSS pixels.
ⓘ usemap = hash-name reference #: A hash-name reference to a map element with which to associate the image.
ⓘ ismap = "ismap" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that its img element provides access to a server-side image map.
ⓘ border = zero OBSOLETE #: Specifies that its img element represents a borderless image.; The literal string "0".

Additional constraints and admonitions #

An img element must have an alt attribute, except under certain conditions. For details, consult guidance on providing text alternatives for images.
The element img with the attribute usemap must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The element img with the attribute usemap must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
The img element with the ismap attribute set must have an ancestor a element with the href attribute.
The longdesc attribute on the img element is obsolete. Use a regular a element to link to the description.
The name attribute on the img element is obsolete. Use the id attribute instead.
The align attribute on the img element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The hspace attribute on the img element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The vspace attribute on the img element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The border attribute on the img element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The border attribute on the img element is obsolete. Consider specifying “img { border: 0; }“ in CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The img element is a void element. An img element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

[NamedConstructor=Image(),
 NamedConstructor=Image(unsigned long width),
 NamedConstructor=Image(unsigned long width, unsigned long height)]
interface HTMLImageElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString src;

           attribute DOMString crossOrigin;
           attribute DOMString useMap;
           attribute boolean isMap;
           attribute unsigned long width;
           attribute unsigned long height;
  readonly attribute unsigned long naturalWidth;
  readonly attribute unsigned long naturalHeight;
  readonly attribute boolean complete;
};

Typical default display properties #

img {

display: inline-block; }

ⓘ input – input control CHANGED # T

The input element is a multipurpose element for representing input controls.

The details of the input element are described in the following sections:

ⓘ input type=text
ⓘ input type=password
ⓘ input type=checkbox
ⓘ input type=radio
ⓘ input type=button
ⓘ input type=submit
ⓘ input type=reset
ⓘ input type=file
ⓘ input type=hidden
ⓘ input type=image
ⓘ input type=datetime NEW
ⓘ input type=datetime-local NEW
ⓘ input type=date NEW
ⓘ input type=month NEW
ⓘ input type=time NEW
ⓘ input type=week NEW
ⓘ input type=number NEW
ⓘ input type=range NEW
ⓘ input type=email NEW
ⓘ input type=url NEW
ⓘ input type=search NEW
ⓘ input type=tel NEW
ⓘ input type=color NEW

An input element with no type attribute specified represents the same thing as an input element with its type attribute set to "text".

Changes in HTML5 #

Several new input element types have been added, and several new attributes are now allowed on the element.

ⓘ input type=text – text-input field # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "text" represents a one-line plain text edit control for the input element’s value.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type & maxlength & readonly & size & value & autocomplete & autofocus & list & pattern & required & placeholder & dirname

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
type = "text" #: Specifies that its input element is a one-line plain-text edit control for the input element’s value.
ⓘ maxlength = non-negative integer #: The maximum allowed value length of the element.
ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.
ⓘ size = positive integer #: The number of options meant to be shown by the control represented by its element.
value = string without line breaks #: Specifies a value for this input element.; Any string that contains no line feed (U+000A, “LF”) or carriage return (U+000D, “CR”) characters.
ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #: Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.
ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.
ⓘ pattern = pattern NEW #: Specifies a regular expression against which a UA is meant to check the value of the control represented by its element.; A regular expression that must match the JavaScript Pattern production as specified in [ECMA 262].
ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.
ⓘ placeholder = string without line breaks NEW #: A short hint (one word or a short phrase) intended to aid the user when entering data into the control represented by its element.; Any string that contains no line feed (U+000A, “LF”) or carriage return (U+000D, “CR”) characters.
ⓘ dirname = non-empty string NEW #: Enables submission of a value for the directionality of the element, and gives the name of the field that contains that value.; Any string that is not empty.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=password – password-input field # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "password" represents a one-line plain-text edit control for entering a password.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & maxlength & readonly & size & value & autocomplete & autofocus & pattern & required & placeholder

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
type = "password" #: Specifies that its input element is a one-line plain-text edit control for entering a password.
ⓘ maxlength = non-negative integer #: The maximum allowed value length of the element.
ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.
ⓘ size = positive integer #: The number of options meant to be shown by the control represented by its element.
value = string without line breaks #: Specifies a value for this input element.; Any string that contains no line feed (U+000A, “LF”) or carriage return (U+000D, “CR”) characters.
ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #: Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.
ⓘ pattern = pattern NEW #: Specifies a regular expression against which a UA is meant to check the value of the control represented by its element.; A regular expression that must match the JavaScript Pattern production as specified in [ECMA 262].
ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.
ⓘ placeholder = string without line breaks NEW #: A short hint (one word or a short phrase) intended to aid the user when entering data into the control represented by its element.; Any string that contains no line feed (U+000A, “LF”) or carriage return (U+000D, “CR”) characters.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=checkbox – checkbox # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "checkbox" represents a state or option that can be toggled.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & checked & value & autofocus & required

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
type = "checkbox" #: Specifies that its input element represents a state or option that can be toggled.
ⓘ checked = "checked" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a selected control.
value = string #: Specifies a value for the input element.
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.
ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=radio – radio button # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "radio" represents a selection of one item from a list of items (a radio button).

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & checked & value & autofocus & required

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
type = "radio" #: Specifies that its input element represents a selection of one item from a list of items.
ⓘ checked = "checked" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a selected control.
value = string #: Specifies a value for the input element.
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.
ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=button – button # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "button" represents a button with no additional semantics.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & value & autofocus

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
type = "button" #: Specifies that its input element is a button with no additional semantics.
value = string #: Specifies a value for the input element.
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=submit – submit button # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "submit" represents a button for submitting a form.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & value & formaction & autofocus & formenctype & formmethod & formtarget & formnovalidate

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

type = "submit" #

Specifies that its input element is a button for submitting a form.

value = string #

Specifies a value for the input element.

ⓘ formaction = non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces NEW #

The form-submission action for the element.

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ formenctype = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" or "multipart/form-data" or "text/plain" NEW #

A MIME type with which a UA is meant to associate this element for form submission.

ⓘ formmethod = "get" or "post" NEW #

The HTTP method with which a UA is meant to associate this element for form submission.

ⓘ formtarget = browsing-context name or keyword NEW #

A browsing context name or keyword that represents the target of the control.

Any string that is either of the following:

a browsing-context name
any case-insensitive match for one of the following literal strings: "_blank", "_self", "_parent", or "_top".

ⓘ formnovalidate = "formnovalidate" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control whose value is not meant to be validated during form submission.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=reset – reset button # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "reset" represents a button for resetting a form.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & value & autofocus

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
type = "reset" #: Specifies that its input element is a button for resetting a form.
value = string #: Specifies a value for the input element.
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=file – file upload control # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "file" represents a list of file items, each consisting of a file name, a file type, and a file body (the contents of the file).

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & accept & autofocus & required & multiple

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
type = "file" #: Specifies that its input element represents a list of file items.
ⓘ accept = list of MIME types #: Provides the UA with a hint of what file types the server is able to accept.; A set of comma-separated strings, each of which is a valid MIME type, with no parameters.
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.
ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.
ⓘ multiple = "multiple" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element allows multiple values.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=hidden – hidden input control # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "hidden" represents a value that is not intended to be examined or manipulated by the user.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & value

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
type = "hidden" #: Specifies that its input element represents a value that is not intended to be examined or manipulated by the user.
value = string #: Specifies a value for the input element.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=image – image-coordinates input control # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "image" represents either an image from which the UA enables a user to interactively select a pair of coordinates and submit the form, or alternatively a button from which the user can submit the form.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & alt★ & src & formaction & autofocus & formenctype & formmethod & formtarget & formnovalidate & height & width

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

type = "image" #

Specifies that its input element represents either an image from which the UA enables a user to interactively select a pair of coordinates and submit the form, or alternatively a button from which the user can submit the form.

ⓘ alt = non-empty string #

Provides a textual label for an alternative button for users and UAs who cannot use the image specified by the src attribute.

Any string that is not empty.

ⓘ src = non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

Specifies the location of an image.

ⓘ formaction = non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces NEW #

The form-submission action for the element.

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ formenctype = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" or "multipart/form-data" or "text/plain" NEW #

A MIME type with which a UA is meant to associate this element for form submission.

ⓘ formmethod = "get" or "post" NEW #

The HTTP method with which a UA is meant to associate this element for form submission.

ⓘ formtarget = browsing-context name or keyword NEW #

A browsing context name or keyword that represents the target of the control.

Any string that is either of the following:

a browsing-context name
any case-insensitive match for one of the following literal strings: "_blank", "_self", "_parent", or "_top".

ⓘ formnovalidate = "formnovalidate" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control whose value is not meant to be validated during form submission.

ⓘ height = non-negative integer #

The height of the image, in CSS pixels.

ⓘ width = non-negative integer #

The width of the image, in CSS pixels.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=datetime – global date-and-time input control NEW # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "datetime" represents a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a global date and time (with timezone information).

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & autocomplete & autofocus & list & min & max & step (float) & readonly & required & value

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

type = "datetime" #

Specifies that its input element is a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a global date and time.

ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #

Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.

ⓘ min = date and time NEW #

The expected lower bound for the element’s value.

A valid date-time as defined in [RFC 3339], with these additional qualifications:

the literal letters T and Z in the date/time syntax must always be uppercase
the date-fullyear production is instead defined as four or more digits representing a number greater than 0

Examples:

1990-12-31T23:59:60Z
1996-12-19T16:39:57-08:00

ⓘ max = date and time NEW #

The expected upper bound for the element’s value.

A valid date-time as defined in [RFC 3339], with these additional qualifications:

the literal letters T and Z in the date/time syntax must always be uppercase
the date-fullyear production is instead defined as four or more digits representing a number greater than 0

Examples:

1990-12-31T23:59:60Z
1996-12-19T16:39:57-08:00

ⓘ step = "any" or positive floating-point number NEW #

Specifies the value granularity of the element’s value.

ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.

ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.

value = date and time #

A string representing a global date and time.

A valid date-time as defined in [RFC 3339], with these additional qualifications:

the literal letters T and Z in the date/time syntax must always be uppercase
the date-fullyear production is instead defined as four or more digits representing a number greater than 0

Examples:

1990-12-31T23:59:60Z
1996-12-19T16:39:57-08:00

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=datetime-local – local date-and-time input control NEW # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "datetime-local" represents a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a local date and time (with no timezone information).

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & autocomplete & autofocus & list & min & max & step (float) & readonly & required & value

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

type = "datetime-local" #

Specifies that its input element is a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a local date and time.

ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #

Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.

ⓘ min = local date and time NEW #

The expected lower bound for the element’s value.

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

A date.
The literal string "T".
A time.

Example:

1985-04-12T23:20:50.52
1996-12-19T16:39:57

ⓘ max = local date and time NEW #

The expected upper bound for the element’s value.

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

A date.
The literal string "T".
A time.

Example:

1985-04-12T23:20:50.52
1996-12-19T16:39:57

ⓘ step = "any" or positive floating-point number NEW #

Specifies the value granularity of the element’s value.

ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.

ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.

value = local date and time #

A string representing a local date and time.

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

A date.
The literal string "T".
A time.

Example:

1985-04-12T23:20:50.52
1996-12-19T16:39:57

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=date – date input control NEW # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "date" represents a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a date.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & autocomplete & autofocus & list & min & max & step (integer) & readonly & required & value

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

type = "date" #

Specifies that its input element is a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a date.

ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #

Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.

ⓘ min = date NEW #

The expected lower bound for the element’s value.

A valid full-date as defined in [RFC 3339], with the additional qualification that the year component is four or more digits representing a number greater than 0.

Example:

1996-12-19

ⓘ max = date NEW #

The expected upper bound for the element’s value.

A valid full-date as defined in [RFC 3339], with the additional qualification that the year component is four or more digits representing a number greater than 0.

Example:

1996-12-19

ⓘ step = "any" or positive integer NEW #

Specifies the value granularity of the element’s value.

ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.

ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.

value = date #

A string representing a date.

A valid full-date as defined in [RFC 3339], with the additional qualification that the year component is four or more digits representing a number greater than 0.

Example:

1996-12-19

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=month – year-and-month input control NEW # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "month" represents a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a month.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & autocomplete & autofocus & list & min & max & step (integer) & readonly & required & value

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

type = "month" #

Specifies that its input element is a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a month.

ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #

Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.

ⓘ min = month NEW #

The expected lower bound for the element’s value.

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

Four or more digits representing a number greater than 0.
The literal string "-".
Two digits, representing the month month, in the range 1 ≤ month, ≤ 12.

Example:

1996-12

ⓘ max = month NEW #

The expected upper bound for the element’s value.

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

Four or more digits representing a number greater than 0.
The literal string "-".
Two digits, representing the month month, in the range 1 ≤ month, ≤ 12.

Example:

1996-12

ⓘ step = "any" or positive integer NEW #

Specifies the value granularity of the element’s value.

ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.

ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.

value = month #

A string representing a month.

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

Four or more digits representing a number greater than 0.
The literal string "-".
Two digits, representing the month month, in the range 1 ≤ month, ≤ 12.

Example:

1996-12

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=time – time input control NEW # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "time" represents a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a time (with no timezone information).

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & autocomplete & autofocus & list & min & max & step (float) & readonly & required & value

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

type = "time" #

Specifies that its input element is a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a time.

ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #

Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.

ⓘ min = time NEW #

The expected lower bound for the element’s value.

A valid partial-time as defined in [RFC 3339].

Examples:

23:20:50.52
17:39:57

ⓘ max = time NEW #

The expected upper bound for the element’s value.

A valid partial-time as defined in [RFC 3339].

Examples:

23:20:50.52
17:39:57

ⓘ step = "any" or positive floating-point number NEW #

Specifies the value granularity of the element’s value.

ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.

ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.

value = time #

A string representing a time (with no timezone information).

A valid partial-time as defined in [RFC 3339].

Examples:

23:20:50.52
17:39:57

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=week – year-and-week input control NEW # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "week" represents a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a week.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & autocomplete & autofocus & list & min & max & step (integer) & readonly & required & value

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

type = "week" #

Specifies that its input element is a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a week.

ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #

Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.

ⓘ min = week NEW #

The expected lower bound for the element’s value.

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

Four or more digits representing year year, where year > 0.
The literal string "-W".
Two digits, representing the week week, in the range 1 ≤ week ≤ maxweek, where maxweek is either 52 or 53, depending on the particular year.

Example:

1996-W16

ⓘ max = week NEW #

The expected upper bound for the element’s value.

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

Four or more digits representing year year, where year > 0.
The literal string "-W".
Two digits, representing the week week, in the range 1 ≤ week ≤ maxweek, where maxweek is either 52 or 53, depending on the particular year.

Example:

1996-W16

ⓘ step = "any" or positive integer NEW #

Specifies the value granularity of the element’s value.

ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.

ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.

value = week #

A string representing a week.

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

Four or more digits representing year year, where year > 0.
The literal string "-W".
Two digits, representing the week week, in the range 1 ≤ week ≤ maxweek, where maxweek is either 52 or 53, depending on the particular year.

Example:

1996-W16

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=number – number input control NEW # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "number" represents a precise control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a number.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & autocomplete & autofocus & list & min & max & step (float) & readonly & required & placeholder & value

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
type = "number" #: Specifies that its input element is a precise control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a number.
ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #: Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.
ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.
ⓘ min = floating-point number NEW #: The expected lower bound for the element’s value.
ⓘ max = floating-point number NEW #: The expected upper bound for the element’s value.
ⓘ step = "any" or positive floating-point number NEW #: Specifies the value granularity of the element’s value.
ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.
ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.
ⓘ placeholder = string without line breaks NEW #: A short hint (one word or a short phrase) intended to aid the user when entering data into the control represented by its element.; Any string that contains no line feed (U+000A, “LF”) or carriage return (U+000D, “CR”) characters.
value = floating-point number #: A string representing a number.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=range – imprecise number-input control NEW # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "range" represents an imprecise control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a number.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & autocomplete & autofocus & list & min & max & step (float) & value

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
type = "range" #: Specifies that its input element is an imprecise control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a number.
ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #: Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.
ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.
ⓘ min = floating-point number NEW #: The expected lower bound for the element’s value.
ⓘ max = floating-point number NEW #: The expected upper bound for the element’s value.
ⓘ step = "any" or positive floating-point number NEW #: Specifies the value granularity of the element’s value.
value = floating-point number #: A string representing a number.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=email – e-mail address input control NEW # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "email" represents a control for editing a list of e-mail addresses given in the element’s value.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & autocomplete & autofocus & list & maxlength & pattern & readonly & required & size & placeholder & multiple★ & value (multiple addresses) or value (single address)

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

type = "email" #

Specifies that its input element is a control for editing an e-mail address or list of e-mail addresses given in the element’s value.

ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #

Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.

ⓘ maxlength = non-negative integer #

The maximum allowed value length of the element.

ⓘ pattern = pattern NEW #

Specifies a regular expression against which a UA is meant to check the value of the control represented by its element.

A regular expression that must match the JavaScript Pattern production as specified in [ECMA 262].

ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.

ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.

ⓘ size = positive integer #

The number of options meant to be shown by the control represented by its element.

ⓘ placeholder = string without line breaks NEW #

A short hint (one word or a short phrase) intended to aid the user when entering data into the control represented by its element.

Any string that contains no line feed (U+000A, “LF”) or carriage return (U+000D, “CR”) characters.

ⓘ multiple = "multiple" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element allows multiple values.

value = list of e-mail addresses #

A list of e-mail addresses.

A set of comma-separated strings, each of which is a valid email address.

value = e-mail address #

A single e-mail address.

Any string that matches the following [ABNF] production:

1*( atext / "." ) "@" ldh-str 1*( "." ldh-str )

…where atext is as defined in [RFC 5322], and ldh-str is as defined in [RFC 1034].

That is, any string which matches the following regular expression:

/^[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&’*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9-]+)*$/

Examples:

foo-bar.baz@example.com

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=url – URL input control NEW # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "url" represents a control for editing an absolute URL given in the element’s value.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & autocomplete & autofocus & list & maxlength & pattern & readonly & required & size & placeholder & value

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
type = "url" #: Specifies that its input element is a control for editing an absolute URL given in the element’s value.
ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #: Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.
ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.
ⓘ maxlength = non-negative integer #: The maximum allowed value length of the element.
ⓘ pattern = pattern NEW #: Specifies a regular expression against which a UA is meant to check the value of the control represented by its element.; A regular expression that must match the JavaScript Pattern production as specified in [ECMA 262].
ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.
ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.
ⓘ size = positive integer #: The number of options meant to be shown by the control represented by its element.
ⓘ placeholder = string without line breaks NEW #: A short hint (one word or a short phrase) intended to aid the user when entering data into the control represented by its element.; Any string that contains no line feed (U+000A, “LF”) or carriage return (U+000D, “CR”) characters.
value = "" or absolute URL potentially surrounded by spaces #: An absolute URL.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=search – search field NEW # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "search" represents a one-line plain-text edit control for entering one or more search terms.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & autocomplete & autofocus & list & maxlength & pattern & readonly & required & size & placeholder & dirname & value

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
type = "search" #: Specifies that its input element is a one-line plain-text edit control for entering one or more search terms.
ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #: Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.
ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.
ⓘ maxlength = non-negative integer #: The maximum allowed value length of the element.
ⓘ pattern = pattern NEW #: Specifies a regular expression against which a UA is meant to check the value of the control represented by its element.; A regular expression that must match the JavaScript Pattern production as specified in [ECMA 262].
ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.
ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.
ⓘ size = positive integer #: The number of options meant to be shown by the control represented by its element.
ⓘ placeholder = string without line breaks NEW #: A short hint (one word or a short phrase) intended to aid the user when entering data into the control represented by its element.; Any string that contains no line feed (U+000A, “LF”) or carriage return (U+000D, “CR”) characters.
ⓘ dirname = non-empty string NEW #: Enables submission of a value for the directionality of the element, and gives the name of the field that contains that value.; Any string that is not empty.
value = string without line breaks #: Specifies a value for this input element.; Any string that contains no line feed (U+000A, “LF”) or carriage return (U+000D, “CR”) characters.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=tel – telephone-number-input field NEW # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "tel" represents a one-line plain-text edit control for entering a telephone number.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & autocomplete & autofocus & list & maxlength & pattern & readonly & required & size & placeholder & value

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
type = "tel" #: Specifies that its input element is a one-line plain-text edit control for entering a telephone number.
ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #: Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.
ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.
ⓘ maxlength = non-negative integer #: The maximum allowed value length of the element.
ⓘ pattern = pattern NEW #: Specifies a regular expression against which a UA is meant to check the value of the control represented by its element.; A regular expression that must match the JavaScript Pattern production as specified in [ECMA 262].
ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.
ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.
ⓘ size = positive integer #: The number of options meant to be shown by the control represented by its element.
ⓘ placeholder = string without line breaks NEW #: A short hint (one word or a short phrase) intended to aid the user when entering data into the control represented by its element.; Any string that contains no line feed (U+000A, “LF”) or carriage return (U+000D, “CR”) characters.
value = string without line breaks #: Specifies a value for this input element.; Any string that contains no line feed (U+000A, “LF”) or carriage return (U+000D, “CR”) characters.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=color – color-well control NEW # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "color" represents a color-well control, for setting the element’s value to a string representing a simple color.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & autocomplete & autofocus & list & value

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

type = "color" #

Specifies that its input element is a color-well control, for setting the element’s value to a string representing a simple color.

ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #

Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.

value = simple color #

An string representing a color.

A string exactly seven characters long, consisting of the following parts, in exactly the following order:

A "#" character.
Six characters in the range 0–9, a–f, and A–F.

Color keywords (for example, strings such as “red” or “green”) are not allowed.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
  readonly attribute FileList? files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute unsigned long height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date? valueAsDate;
           attribute unrestricted double valueAsNumber;
           attribute unsigned long width;

  void stepUp(optional long n);
  void stepDown(optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ ins – inserted text # T

The ins element represents a range of text that has been inserted (added) to a document.

Permitted contents #

transparent (either phrasing content or flow content )

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & cite & datetime (any)

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ cite = URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

The address of a document that explains why the text was added.

ⓘ datetime = date and time or date #

The date and time when the text was added.

A valid date-time as defined in [RFC 3339], with these additional qualifications:

the literal letters T and Z in the date/time syntax must always be uppercase
the date-fullyear production is instead defined as four or more digits representing a number greater than 0

Examples:

1990-12-31T23:59:60Z
1996-12-19T16:39:57-08:00

A valid full-date as defined in [RFC 3339], with the additional qualification that the year component is four or more digits representing a number greater than 0.

Example:

1996-12-19

Tag omission #

An ins element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements, any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLModElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString cite;
           attribute DOMString dateTime;
};

Typical default display properties #

ins {

text-decoration: underline; }

ⓘ kbd – user input # T

The kbd element represents user input.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A kbd element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

Details #

The kbd element typically represents keyboard input, though it may also represent other input, such as voice commands.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

kbd {

font-family: monospace; }

ⓘ keygen – key-pair generator/input control NEW # T

The keygen element represents a control for generating a public-private key pair and for submitting the public key from that key pair.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & challenge & keytype & autofocus & name & disabled & form

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ challenge = string #: A challenge string that is submitted along with the public key.
ⓘ keytype = "rsa" #: The type of key generated.
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element keygen must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element keygen must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any keygen element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.

Tag omission #

The keygen element is a void element. A keygen element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLKeygenElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute DOMString challenge;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
           attribute DOMString keytype;
           attribute DOMString name;

  readonly attribute DOMString type;

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;
};

ⓘ label – caption for a form control # T

The label element represents a caption for a form control.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & for & form

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ for = ID reference #: The value of the id attribute on a form control for which the label is a caption.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The label element must not contain any nested label elements.
The label element may contain at most one descendant input element, button element, select element, or textarea element.
The for attribute of the label element must refer to a form control.
The interactive element label must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element label must not appear as a descendant of the button element.

Tag omission #

A label element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLLabelElement : HTMLElement {
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
           attribute DOMString htmlFor;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement? control;
};

Typical default display properties #

label {

cursor: default; }

ⓘ legend – title or explanatory caption # T

The legend element represents a title or explanatory caption for the rest of the contents of the legend element’s parent element.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A legend element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

fieldset

DOM interface #

interface HTMLLegendElement : HTMLElement {
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
};

Typical default display properties #

legend {

display: block;

padding-start: 2px;

padding-end: 2px;

border: none; }

ⓘ li – list item # T

The li element represents a list item.

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & value

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ value = integer CHANGED #: The ordinal value of the list item. Permitted only if the li element is a child of an ol element.; The value attribute on the li element was deprecated in a previous version of HTML, but is no longer deprecated, as it has meaning and is not simply presentational.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The type attribute on the li element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

An li element must have a start tag.

An li element’s end tag may be omitted if the li element is immediately followed by another li element or if there is no more content in the parent element.

Permitted parent elements #

ul, ol, menu

DOM interface #

interface HTMLLIElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute long value;
};

Typical default display properties #

li {

display: list-item;

text-align: -webkit-match-parent; }

ⓘ link – inter-document relationship metadata # T

The link element represents metadata that expresses inter-document relationships.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & href★ & rel★ & hreflang & media & type & sizes

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ href = non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

A URL that provides the destination of the link.

ⓘ rel = d:link-rel or absolute URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

A set of tokens that specify the relationship between the document containing the link and the destination indicated by the link.

Each token must be either a link type defined in the HTML5 specification or a registered extension to the predefined set of link types [HTML5].

ⓘ hreflang = language tag #

The language of the destination of the link.

A valid language tag as defined in [BCP 47].

ⓘ media = media-query list #

The media for which the destination of the link was designed.

A valid media query list as defined in [Media Queries].

ⓘ type = MIME type #

The MIME type of the destination of the link.

A string that identifies a valid MIME media type as defined in [RFC 2046].

ⓘ sizes = "any" or sizes NEW #

The sizes of icons for visual media.

An unordered set of unique space-separated tokens, each of which must be one of the following:

the literal string "any"
two valid non-negative integers that do not have a leading "0" character and that are separated by a single "x" character.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The target attribute on the link element is obsolete. You can safely omit it.
The urn attribute on the link element is obsolete. Specify the preferred persistent identifier using the href attribute instead.
The charset attribute on the link element is obsolete. Use an HTTP Content-Type header on the linked resource instead.
The methods attribute on the link element is obsolete. Use the HTTP OPTIONS feature instead.
The rev attribute on the link element is obsolete. Use the rel attribute instead, with a term having the opposite meaning.

Tag omission #

The link element is a void element. A link element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain metadata elements, noscript

DOM interface #

interface HTMLLIElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute long value;
};

Typical default display properties #

link {

display: none; }

ⓘ map – image-map definition # T

The map element, in conjunction with any area element descendants, defines an image map.

Permitted contents #

transparent (either phrasing content or flow content )

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name★

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = name #

A name by which the map can be referenced.

Any string, with the following restrictions:

must be at least one character long
must not contain any space characters

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The id attribute on a map element must have the same value as the name attribute.

Tag omission #

A map element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements, any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLMapElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString name;
  readonly attribute HTMLCollection areas;
  readonly attribute HTMLCollection images;
};

Typical default display properties #

map {

display: inline; }

ⓘ mark – marked (highlighted) text NEW # T

The mark element represents a run of text in one document marked or highlighted for reference purposes, due to its relevance in another context.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A mark element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

mark {

background-color: yellow;

color: black; }

ⓘ menu – list of commands CHANGED # T

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & type & label

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ type = "toolbar" or "context" NEW #

The kind of menu being declared.

"toolbar": Indicates that the element represents a tool bar.
"context": Indicates that the element represents a context menu.
If the attribute is omitted, the element represents a list of commands that is neither a context menu nor a tool bar.

ⓘ label = string NEW #

The label of the menu.

DOM interface #

interface HTMLMenuElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString label;
};

ⓘ meta – metadata CHANGED # T

The meta element is a multipurpose element for representing metadata.

The details of the meta element are described in the following sections:

ⓘ meta name
ⓘ meta http-equiv=refresh
ⓘ meta http-equiv=default-style
ⓘ meta charset NEW
ⓘ meta http-equiv=content-type

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The scheme attribute on the meta element is obsolete. Use only one scheme per field, or make the scheme declaration part of the value.
Using the meta element to specify the document-wide default language is obsolete. Consider specifying the language on the root element instead.

Changes in HTML5 #

Although previous versions of HTML allowed the http-equiv attribute on the meta element to have any number of possible values, the http-equiv attribute is now restricted to only the specific values described in this reference. Also, the new charset attribute is now allowed.

ⓘ meta name – name-value metadata # T

The meta element with a name attribute represents document metadata in the form of name/value pairs.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name★ & content★

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: Specifies the name part of a name/value pair.; The name specified must either be a standard metadata name defined in the HTML5 specification or a registered extension to the predefined set of metadata names [HTML5].
ⓘ content = string #: Specifies the value part of a name/value pair.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The name attribute on the meta element must be either a defined metadata name or a registered metadata name.
A defined metadata name is any of the following:

application-name

When the name attribute is set to "application-name", the value of the content attribute must be a string representing the name of the Web application that the page represents.

author

When the name attribute is set to "author", the value of the content attribute must be a string that gives the name of one of the authors of the document.

description

When the name attribute is set to "description", the value of the content attribute must be a string that describes the page.

generator

When the name attribute is set to "generator", the value of the content attribute must be a string that identifies the software used to generate the document.

keywords

When the name attribute is set to "keywords", the value of the content attribute must be a set of comma-separated strings, each of which is a keyword relevant to the document.
A registered metadata name is any metadata name registered in the central MetaExtensions registration page.

Tag omission #

The meta element is a void element. A meta element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain metadata elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLMetaElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString httpEquiv;
           attribute DOMString content;
};

ⓘ meta http-equiv=refresh – “refresh” pragma directive # T

The meta element with a http-equiv attribute whose value is "refresh" represents a pragma directive that specifies either a number of seconds after which to reload the current page, or a number of seconds after which to load a different page in place of the current page, and the URL for the replacement page.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & http-equiv="refresh"★ & content★

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ http-equiv = "refresh" #

Indicates that the meta element is a pragma directive that specifies either a number of seconds after which to reload the current page, or a number of seconds after which to load a different page in place of the current page, and the URL for the replacement page.

ⓘ content = refresh value #

Specifies one of the following:

the number of seconds after which to reload the current page
the number of seconds after which to load a different page in place of the current page, and the URL for the replacement page

Any one of the following:

A non-negative integer.
The string consisting of the following parts, in exactly the following order:
1. A non-negative integer.
2. A ";" character.
3. One or more space characters.
4. A case-insensitive match for the string "url=".
5. A URL.

Tag omission #

The meta element is a void element. A meta element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain metadata elements, noscript

DOM interface #

interface HTMLMetaElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString httpEquiv;
           attribute DOMString content;
};

ⓘ meta http-equiv=default-style – “preferred stylesheet” pragma directive # T

The meta element with a http-equiv attribute whose value is "default-style" represents a pragma directive that specifies the document’s preferred stylesheet.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & http-equiv="default-style"★ & content★

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ http-equiv = "default-style" #

Indicates that the meta element is a pragma directive that specifies the document’s preferred stylesheet.

ⓘ content = default-style name #

Specifies the name of the document’s preferred stylesheet. The name must meet either of the following sets of constraints:

The name must match the value of the title attribute on a link element in the same document, and that link element must have an href attribute that references the location of a CSS stylesheet.
The name must match the value of the title attribute on a style element in the same document, and the contents of that element must be a CSS stylesheet.

Tag omission #

The meta element is a void element. A meta element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain metadata elements, noscript

DOM interface #

interface HTMLMetaElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString httpEquiv;
           attribute DOMString content;
};

ⓘ meta charset – document character-encoding declaration NEW # T

The meta element with a charset attribute represents a character encoding declaration.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & charset★

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ charset = character encoding name NEW #: Specifies a character encoding name.; For documents in the XML syntax, the value of the charset attribute must be a case-insensitive match for the string "UTF-8".; A case-insensitive match for any character set name for which the IANA [Character Sets] registry has a Name or Alias field labeled as “preferred MIME name”; or, if none of the Alias fields are so labeled, a case-insensitive match for a Name field in the registry.

Tag omission #

The meta element is a void element. A meta element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain metadata elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLMetaElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString httpEquiv;
           attribute DOMString content;
};

ⓘ meta http-equiv=content-type – document character-encoding declaration # T

A meta element with a http-equiv attribute whose value is "content-type" and which has an accompanying content attribute and value represents a character encoding declaration.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & http-equiv="content-type"★ & content★

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ http-equiv = "content-type" #

Indicates that the meta element is in the encoding declaration state and represents a character encoding declaration.

ⓘ content = meta-charset string #

A specially formatted string providing a character encoding name.

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

The literal string "text/html;".
Optionally, one or more space characters.
The literal string "charset=".
One of the following:
- For documents in the HTML syntax: A character encoding name.
- For documents in the XML syntax: Any case-insensitive match for the string "UTF-8".

Tag omission #

The meta element is a void element. A meta element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain metadata elements

Details #

A meta element with a http-equiv attribute whose value is "content-type" and which has an accompanying content attribute and value is said to be in the encoding declaration state.

DOM interface #

interface HTMLMetaElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString httpEquiv;
           attribute DOMString content;
};

ⓘ meter – scalar gauge NEW # T

The meter element represents a scalar gauge providing a measurement within a known range, or a fractional value.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & value★ & min & low & high & max & optimum

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ value = floating-point number #: The “measured” value shown by meter.
ⓘ min = floating-point number #: The lower bound of the range for the meter.
ⓘ low = floating-point number #: The point that marks the upper boundary of the “low” segment of the meter.
ⓘ high = floating-point number #: The point that marks the lower boundary of the “high” segment of the meter.
ⓘ max = floating-point number #: The upper bound of the range for the meter.
ⓘ optimum = floating-point number #: The point that marks the “optimum” position for the meter.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The element meter must not appear as a descendant of the meter element.
The value of the min attribute must be less than or equal to the value of the value attribute.
The value of the value attribute must be greater than or equal to zero when the min attribute is absent.
The value of the value attribute must be less than or equal to the value of the max attribute.
The value of the value attribute must be less than or equal to one when the max attribute is absent.
The value of the min attribute must be less than or equal to the value of the max attribute.
The value of the max attribute must be greater than or equal to zero when the min attribute is absent.
The value of the min attribute must be less than or equal to one when the max attribute is absent.
The value of the min attribute must be less than or equal to the value of the low attribute.
The value of the low attribute must be greater than or equal to zero when the min attribute is absent.
The value of the min attribute must be less than or equal to the value of the high attribute.
The value of the high attribute must be greater than or equal to zero when the min attribute is absent.
The value of the low attribute must be less than or equal to the value of the high attribute.
The value of the high attribute must be less than or equal to the value of the max attribute.
The value of the high attribute must be less than or equal to one when the max attribute is absent.
The value of the low attribute must be less than or equal to the value of the max attribute.
The value of the low attribute must be less than or equal to one when the max attribute is absent.
The value of the min attribute must be less than or equal to the value of the optimum attribute.
The value of the optimum attribute must be greater than or equal to zero when the min attribute is absent.
The value of the optimum attribute must be less than or equal to the value of the max attribute.
The value of the optimum attribute must be less than or equal to one when the max attribute is absent.

Tag omission #

A meter element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLMeterElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute double value;
           attribute double min;
           attribute double max;
           attribute double low;
           attribute double high;
           attribute double optimum;
  readonly attribute NodeList labels;
};

ⓘ nav – group of navigational links NEW # T

The nav element represents a section of a document that links to other documents or to parts within the document itself; that is, a section of navigation links.

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The sectioning element nav must not appear as a descendant of the address element.

Tag omission #

A nav element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

nav {

display: block; }

ⓘ noscript – fallback content for script # T

The noscript element is used to present different markup to user agents that don’t support scripting, by affecting how the document is parsed.

Permitted contents #

zero or more of: one link element, or one meta http-equiv=default-style element, or one meta http-equiv=refresh element, or one style element

transparent (either phrasing content or flow content )

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The noscript element must not be used in a document in the XML syntax.
The noscript element must not contain any nested noscript elements.

Tag omission #

A noscript element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain metadata elements, any element that can contain phrasing elements, any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

ⓘ object – generic external content # T

The object element represents external content.

Permitted contents #

Transparent, with the following specific structure:

zero or more param elements, followed by flow content

zero or more param elements, followed by phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & data★ & type or type★ & height & width & usemap & name & form

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ data = non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

The address of the content.

ⓘ type = MIME type #

The MIME type of the content.

A string that identifies a valid MIME media type as defined in [RFC 2046].

ⓘ height = non-negative integer #

The height of the object, in CSS pixels.

ⓘ width = non-negative integer #

The width of the object, in CSS pixels.

ⓘ usemap = hash-name reference #

A hash-name reference to a map element with which to associate the object.

ⓘ name = browsing-context name #

A valid browsing context name.

Any string, with the following restrictions:

must not start with a "_" character
must be at least one character long

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The element object with the attribute usemap must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The element object with the attribute usemap must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
The archive attribute on the object element is obsolete. Use the data attribute and type attribute to invoke plugins. To set a parameter with the name “archive”, use the param element.
The classid attribute on the object element is obsolete. Use the data attribute and type attribute to invoke plugins. To set a parameter with the name “classid”, use the param element.
The code attribute on the object element is obsolete. Use the data attribute and type attribute to invoke plugins. To set a parameter with the name “code”, use the param element.
The codebase attribute on the object element is obsolete. Use the data attribute and type attribute to invoke plugins. To set a parameter with the name “codebase”, use the param element.
The codetype attribute on the object element is obsolete. Use the data attribute and type attribute to invoke plugins. To set a parameter with the name “codetype”, use the param element.
The declare attribute on the object element is obsolete. Repeat the object element completely each time the resource is to be reused.
The standby attribute on the object element is obsolete. Optimize the linked resource so that it loads quickly or, at least, incrementally.
The align attribute on the object element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The hspace attribute on the object element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The vspace attribute on the object element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The border attribute on the object element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

An object element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements, any element that can contain flow elements

Details #

The object element represents external content, which, depending on the type of the content, will either be treated as an image, as a nested browsing context, or as external content to be processed by a plugin.

DOM interface #

interface HTMLObjectElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString data;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute boolean typeMustMatch;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString useMap;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
           attribute DOMString width;
           attribute DOMString height;
  readonly attribute Document? contentDocument;
  readonly attribute WindowProxy? contentWindow;

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  legacycaller any (any... arguments);
};

Typical default display properties #

object:focus {

outline: none; }

ⓘ ol – ordered list # T

The ol element represents a list (or sequence) of items; that is, a list in which the items are intentionally ordered, such that changing the order would change the meaning of the list.

Permitted contents #

zero or more li elements

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & start & reversed & type

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ start = integer CHANGED #: The ordinal value of the first list item.; The start attribute on the ol element was deprecated in a previous version of HTML, but is no longer deprecated, as it has meaning and is not simply presentational.
ⓘ reversed = "reversed" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: If present, indicates that the list is a descending list (…, 3, 2, 1).; If not present, indicates that the list is an ascending list (1, 2, 3, …).
ⓘ type = "1" or "a" or "A" or "i" or "I" CHANGED #: Indicates the marker type to use in the list, in the cases where the marker type of matters (for example, if items in the list are meant to be referenced by their number or letter).; The type attribute on the ol element was deprecated in a previous version of HTML, but is no longer deprecated, as it has meaning and is not simply presentational.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The compact attribute on the ol element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

An ol element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLOListElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute boolean reversed;
           attribute long start;
           attribute DOMString type;
};

Typical default display properties #

ol {

display: block;

list-style-type: decimal;

margin-before: 1em;

margin-after: 1em;

margin-start: 0;

margin-end: 0;

padding-start: 40px; }

ⓘ optgroup – group of options # T

The optgroup element represents a group of option elements with a common label.

Permitted contents #

zero or more option elements

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & label★ & disabled

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ label = string #: Specifies the name of the group of options its optgroup element represents.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

Tag omission #

An optgroup element must have a start tag.

An optgroup element’s end tag may be omitted if the optgroup element is immediately followed by another optgroup element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.

Permitted parent elements #

select

DOM interface #

interface HTMLOptGroupElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute boolean disabled;
           attribute DOMString label;
};

ⓘ option – option # T

The option element represents an option in a select control, or an option in a labelled set of options grouped together in an optgroup, or an option among the list of suggestions in a datalist.

Permitted contents #

normal character data

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & disabled & selected & label & value

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ selected = "selected" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that this option is pre-selected.
ⓘ label = string #: Specifies a label for the option.
ⓘ value = string #: Specifies a value for the option.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The name attribute on the option element is obsolete. Use the id attribute instead.

Tag omission #

An option element must have a start tag.

An option element’s end tag may be omitted if the option element is immediately followed by another option element, or if it is immediately followed by an optgroup element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.

Permitted parent elements #

optgroup, select, datalist

DOM interface #

[NamedConstructor=Option(),
 NamedConstructor=Option(DOMString text),
 NamedConstructor=Option(DOMString text, DOMString value),
 NamedConstructor=Option(DOMString text, DOMString value, boolean defaultSelected),
 NamedConstructor=Option(DOMString text, DOMString value, boolean defaultSelected, boolean selected)]
interface HTMLOptionElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
           attribute DOMString label;
           attribute boolean defaultSelected;
           attribute boolean selected;
           attribute DOMString value;

           attribute DOMString text;
  readonly attribute long index;
};

ⓘ output – result of a calculation in a form NEW # T

The output element represents the result of a calculation.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & form & for

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
ⓘ for = list of ID references #: Identifies one or more elements associated with the calculation whose result this output element represents.; An unordered set of unique space-separated tokens, each of which is an ID reference.

Tag omission #

An output element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLOutputElement : HTMLElement {
  [PutForwards=value] readonly attribute DOMSettableTokenList htmlFor;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
           attribute DOMString name;

  readonly attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;
};

Typical default display properties #

output {

display: inline; }

output {

unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; }

ⓘ p – paragraph # T

The p element represents a paragraph.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The align attribute on the p element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A p element must have a start tag.

A p element’s end tag may be omitted if the p element is immediately followed by an address, article, aside, blockquote, dir, div, dl, fieldset, footer, form, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, header, hr, menu, nav, ol, p, pre, section, table, or ul element, or if there is no more content in the parent element and the parent element is not an a element.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLParagraphElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

p {

display: block;

margin-before: 1em;

margin-after: 1em;

margin-start: 0;

margin-end: 0; }

ⓘ param – initialization parameters for plugins # T

The param element defines parameters for plugins invoked by object elements.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name★ & value★

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name of the parameter.
ⓘ value = string #: The value of the parameter.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The type attribute on the param element is obsolete. Use the name attribute and value attribute without declaring value types.
The valuetype attribute on the param element is obsolete. Use the name attribute and value attribute without declaring value types.

Tag omission #

The param element is a void element. A param element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

object

DOM interface #

interface HTMLParamElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString value;
};

Typical default display properties #

param {

display: none; }

ⓘ pre – preformatted text # T

The pre element represents a block of preformatted text, in which structure is represented by typographic conventions rather than by elements.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The width attribute on the pre element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A pre element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLPreElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

pre {

display: block;

font-family: monospace;

white-space: pre;

margin: 1em 0; }

ⓘ progress – progress indicator NEW # T

The progress element represents the completion progress of a task.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & value & max

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ value = non-negative floating-point number #: Specifies how much of the task has been completed. The units are arbitrary and not specified.
ⓘ max = positive floating-point number #: Specifies how much work the task requires in total. The units are arbitrary and not specified.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The element progress must not appear as a descendant of the progress element.
The value of the value attribute must be less than or equal to the value of the max attribute.
The value of the value attribute must be less than or equal to one when the max attribute is absent.

Tag omission #

A progress element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLProgressElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute double value;
           attribute double max;
  readonly attribute double position;
  readonly attribute NodeList labels;
};

ⓘ q – quoted text # T

The q element represents phrasing content quoted from another source.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & cite

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ cite = URL potentially surrounded by spaces #: Specifies the address of the source of the quoted text.

Tag omission #

A q element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLQuoteElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString cite;
};

Typical default display properties #

q {

display: inline; }

q:before {

content: open-quote; }

q:after {

content: close-quote; }

ⓘ rp – ruby parenthesis NEW # T

The rp element can be used to provide parentheses around a ruby text component of a ruby annotation, to be shown by UAs that don’t support ruby annotations.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

An rp element must have a start tag.

An rp element’s end tag may be omitted if the rp element is immediately followed by an rt or rp element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.

Permitted parent elements #

ruby

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

ⓘ rt – ruby text NEW # T

The rt element marks the ruby text component of a ruby annotation.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

An rt element must have a start tag.

An rt element’s end tag may be omitted if the rt element is immediately followed by an rt or rp element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.

Permitted parent elements #

ruby

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

rt {

line-height: normal; }

ⓘ ruby – ruby annotation NEW # T

The ruby element allows spans of phrasing content to be marked with ruby annotations.

Permitted contents #

one or more of: phrasing content followed by one rt element, or one rp element, followed by one rt element, followed by one rp element

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A ruby element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

ⓘ s – struck text CHANGED # T

The s element represents contents that are no longer accurate or no longer relevant and that therefore has been “struck” from the document.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

An s element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

Changes in HTML5 #

Although previous versions of HTML defined the s element only in presentational terms, the element has now been given the specific semantic purpose of representing contents that are no longer accurate or no longer relevant.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

s {

text-decoration: line-through; }

ⓘ samp – (sample) output # T

The samp element represents (sample) output from a program or computing system.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A samp element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

samp {

font-family: monospace; }

ⓘ script – embedded script # T

The script element enables dynamic script and data blocks to be included in documents.

Permitted contents #

non-replaceable character data

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & type & language

global attributes & src & defer & async & type & charset & language

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ type = MIME type #: The language of the script or format of the data.; A string that identifies a valid MIME media type as defined in [RFC 2046].
ⓘ language = string OBSOLETE #: Specifies that the language of the script is JavaScript.
ⓘ src = non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #: The address of the external script to use.
ⓘ defer = "defer" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that script should be executed after the document has been parsed.
ⓘ async = "async" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the script should be executed asynchronously, as soon as it becomes available.
ⓘ charset = character encoding name #: The character encoding of the external script.; A case-insensitive match for any character set name for which the IANA [Character Sets] registry has a Name or Alias field labeled as “preferred MIME name”; or, if none of the Alias fields are so labeled, a case-insensitive match for a Name field in the registry.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

A script element must not contain an occurrence of the character sequence "".
A script element with a src attribute must contain only:
- lines that consist solely of a newline, optionally preceded by one or more space (U+0020) characters or tab (U+0009) characters
- single-line comments, which are lines beginning with the character sequence "//", optionally preceded by one more more space (U+0020) characters or tab (U+0009) characters, followed by any number of characters that are not a newline, and ending with a newline
- multi-lines comments, which begin with the character sequence "/*", optionally preceded by one more more space (U+0020) characters or tab (U+0009) characters, and that end with the character sequence "*/"
Element script with attribute language whose value is “JavaScript” must not have attribute type whose value is not “text/javascript”.
Element script must not have attribute charset unless attribute src is also specified.
Element script must not have attribute defer unless attribute src is also specified.
Element script must not have attribute async unless attribute src is also specified.
The language attribute on the script element is obsolete. Use the type attribute instead.
The language attribute on the script element is obsolete. You can safely omit it.

Tag omission #

A script element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain metadata elements, any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLScriptElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute boolean async;
           attribute boolean defer;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString charset;
           attribute DOMString text;
};

Typical default display properties #

script {

display: none; }

ⓘ section – section NEW # T

The section element represents a section of a document, typically with a title or heading.

Permitted contents #

zero or more style elements, followed by flow content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The sectioning element section must not appear as a descendant of the address element.

Tag omission #

A section element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

section {

display: block; }

ⓘ select – option-selection form control # T

The select element represents a control for selecting among a list of options.

Permitted contents #

zero or more optgroup elements, intermixed with zero or more option elements

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & size & multiple & autofocus & required

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
ⓘ size = positive integer #: The number of options to show to the user.
ⓘ multiple = "multiple" or "" (empty string) or empty #: If present, indicates that its select element represents a control for selecting zero or more options from a list of options.; If not present, indicates that its select element represents a control for selecting a single option from a list of options.
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.
ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element select must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element select must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any select element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The select element cannot have more than one selected option element descendant unless the multiple attribute is specified.
A select element with a required attribute and without a multiple attribute, and whose size is “1”, must have a child option element.
The first child option element of a select element with a required attribute and without a multiple attribute, and whose size is “1”, must have either an empty value attribute, or must have no text content.

Tag omission #

A select element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLSelectElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;

  readonly attribute DOMString type;

  readonly attribute HTMLOptionsCollection options;
           attribute unsigned long length;
  getter Element item(unsigned long index);
  object namedItem(DOMString name);
  void add((HTMLOptionElement or HTMLOptGroupElement) element, optional (HTMLElement or long)? before = null);
  void remove(long index);
  setter creator void (unsigned long index, HTMLOptionElement? option);

  readonly attribute HTMLCollection selectedOptions;
           attribute long selectedIndex;
           attribute DOMString value;

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;
};

ⓘ small – small print CHANGED # T

The small element represents so-called “fine print” or “small print”, such as legal disclaimers and caveats.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A small element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

Changes in HTML5 #

Although previous versions of HTML defined the small element only in presentational terms, the element has now been given the specific semantic purpose of representing those parts of documents that are often referred to as “the fine print” or “the small print”.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

small {

font-size: smaller; }

ⓘ source – media source NEW # T

The source element enables multiple media sources to be specified for audio and video elements.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & src★ & type & media

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ src = non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #: The address of the media source.
ⓘ type = MIME type #: The type of the media source (used for helping the UA determine, before fetching this media source, if it can play it).; A string that identifies a valid MIME media type as defined in [RFC 2046].
ⓘ media = media-query list #: The intended media type of the media source (used for helping the UA determine, before fetching this media source, if it is useful to the user).; A valid media query list as defined in [Media Queries].

Tag omission #

The source element is a void element. A source element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

audio, video

Details #

Each separate media source specified within a source element is a complete set of media data — for example, a complete video file, or a complete audio file).

DOM interface #

interface HTMLSourceElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString media;
};

ⓘ span – generic span # T

The span element is a generic wrapper for phrasing content that by itself does not represent anything.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A span element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

Details #

The span element is a can be used with attributes such as class, lang, xml:lang, and title to add additional semantics and structure to phrasing content.

DOM interface #

interface HTMLSpanElement : HTMLElement {};

ⓘ strong – strong importance # T

The strong element represents a span of text with strong importance.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A strong element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

strong {

font-weight: bold; }

ⓘ style – style (presentation) information # T

The style element allows style information to be embedded in documents.

Permitted contents #

non-replaceable character data

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & type & media

global attributes & type & media & scoped★

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ type = MIME type #: A valid MIME type that designates a styling language.; A string that identifies a valid MIME media type as defined in [RFC 2046].
ⓘ media = media-query list #: Specifies which media the styles apply to.; A valid media query list as defined in [Media Queries].
ⓘ scoped = "scoped" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Indicates that the specified style information is meant to apply only to the style element’s parent element, and that element’s child nodes. Otherwise, the specified styles are meant to apply to the entire document.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

A style element must not contain an occurrence of the character sequence "".

Tag omission #

A style element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain metadata elements, div, noscript, section, article, aside

DOM interface #

interface HTMLStyleElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute boolean disabled;
           attribute DOMString media;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute boolean scoped;
};
HTMLStyleElement implements LinkStyle;

Typical default display properties #

style {

display: none; }

ⓘ sub – subscript # T

The sub element represents subscript.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A sub element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

sub {

vertical-align: sub;

font-size: smaller; }

ⓘ summary – summary, caption, or legend for a details control NEW # T

The summary element represents a summary, caption, or legend for a details element.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A summary element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

details

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

summary {

display: block; }

ⓘ sup – superscript # T

The sup element represents superscript.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A sup element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

sup {

vertical-align: super;

font-size: smaller; }

ⓘ table – table # T

The table element represents a table; that is, data with more than one dimension.

Permitted contents #

an optional caption element, followed by zero or more colgroup elements, followed by an optional thead element, followed by one tfoot element, followed by zero or more tbody elements, or one or more tr elements or zero or more tbody elements, or one or more tr elements followed by an optional tfoot element

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & border

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ border = string #: Indicates that its table element is not being used for layout purposes.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The element table must not appear as a descendant of the caption element.
The summary attribute on the table element is obsolete. Consider describing the structure of the table in a caption element or in a figure element containing the table element; or, simplify the structue of the table so that no description is needed.
The align attribute on the table element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The width attribute on the table element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The bgcolor attribute on the table element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The value of the border attribute on the table element must be either “1” or the empty string. To regulate the thickness of table borders, Use CSS instead.
The cellpadding attribute on the table element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The cellspacing attribute on the table element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The frame attribute on the table element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The rules attribute on the table element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A table element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

Details #

Although in previous versions of HTML a table element was only allowed to contain a tfoot element if that tfoot occurred before any tbody or tr elements, but not after, the table element is now also alternatively allowed to contain a tfoot after any tbody or tr elements.

DOM interface #

interface HTMLTableElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute HTMLTableCaptionElement? caption;
  HTMLElement createCaption();
  void deleteCaption();
           attribute HTMLTableSectionElement? tHead;
  HTMLElement createTHead();
  void deleteTHead();
           attribute HTMLTableSectionElement? tFoot;
  HTMLElement createTFoot();
  void deleteTFoot();
  readonly attribute HTMLCollection tBodies;
  HTMLElement createTBody();
  readonly attribute HTMLCollection rows;
  HTMLElement insertRow(optional long index);
  void deleteRow(long index);
           attribute DOMString border;
};

Typical default display properties #

table {

display: table;

border-collapse: separate;

border-spacing: 2px;

border-color: gray; }

ⓘ tbody – table row group # T

The tbody element represents a block of rows that consist of a body of data for its parent table element.

Permitted contents #

zero or more tr elements

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The align attribute on the tbody element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The char attribute on the tbody element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The charoff attribute on the tbody element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The valign attribute on the tbody element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A tbody element's start tag may be omitted if the first thing inside the tbody element is a tr element, and if the element is not immediately preceded by a tbody thead, or tfoot element whose end tag has been omitted.

A tbody element’s end tag may be omitted if the tbody element is immediately followed by a tbody or tfoot element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.

Permitted parent elements #

table

DOM interface #

interface HTMLTableSectionElement : HTMLElement {
  readonly attribute HTMLCollection rows;
  HTMLElement insertRow(optional long index);
  void deleteRow(long index);
};

Typical default display properties #

tbody {

display: table-row-group;

vertical-align: middle;

border-color: inherit; }

ⓘ td – table cell # T

The td element represents a data cell in a table.

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & colspan & rowspan & headers

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ colspan = positive integer #: Specifies the number of adjacent columns “spanned” by its td element.
ⓘ rowspan = non-negative integer #: Specifies the number of following rows “spanned” by its td element.
ⓘ headers = list of ID references #: Identifies one or more th elements that apply to its td.; An unordered set of unique space-separated tokens, each of which is an ID reference.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The scope attribute on the td element is obsolete. Use the scope attribute on a th element instead.
The abbr attribute on the td element is obsolete. Consider instead beginning the cell contents with concise text, followed by further elaboration if needed.
The axis attribute on the td element is obsolete. Use the scope attribute instead.
The align attribute on the td element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The width attribute on the td element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The char attribute on the td element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The charoff attribute on the td element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The valign attribute on the td element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The bgcolor attribute on the td element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The height attribute on the td element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The nowrap attribute on the td element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A td element must have a start tag.

A td element’s end tag may be omitted if the td element is immediately followed by a td or th element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.

Permitted parent elements #

DOM interface #

interface HTMLTableDataCellElement : HTMLTableCellElement {};

Typical default display properties #

td {

display: table-cell;

vertical-align: inherit; }

ⓘ textarea – text input area # T

The textarea element represents a multi-line plain-text edit control for the element’s raw value.

Permitted contents #

replaceable character data

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & readonly & maxlength & autofocus & required & placeholder & dirname & rows & wrap="hard"★ & cols★ or wrap="soft" & cols

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.
ⓘ maxlength = non-negative integer #: The maximum allowed value length of the element.
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.
ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.
ⓘ placeholder = string without line breaks NEW #: A short hint (one word or a short phrase) intended to aid the user when entering data into the control represented by its element.; Any string that contains no line feed (U+000A, “LF”) or carriage return (U+000D, “CR”) characters.
ⓘ dirname = non-empty string NEW #: Enables submission of a value for the directionality of the element, and gives the name of the field that contains that value.; Any string that is not empty.
ⓘ rows = positive integer #: The number of lines of text for the UA to show.
ⓘ wrap = "hard" NEW #: Instructs the UA to insert line breaks into the submitted value of the textarea such that each line has no more characters than the value specified by the cols attribute.
ⓘ cols = positive integer #: The expected maximum number of characters per line of text for the UA to show.
ⓘ wrap = "soft" NEW #: Instructs the UA to add no line breaks to the submitted value of the textarea.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element textarea must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element textarea must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any textarea element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.

Tag omission #

A textarea element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

Details #

The contents of the textarea element represent the control’s default value.

DOM interface #

interface HTMLTextAreaElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute unsigned long cols;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement? form;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long rows;
           attribute DOMString wrap;

  readonly attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
  readonly attribute unsigned long textLength;

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;

  void setSelectionRange(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ tfoot – table footer row group # T

The tfoot element represents the block of rows that consist of the column summaries (footers) for its parent table element.

Permitted contents #

zero or more tr elements

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The align attribute on the tfoot element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The char attribute on the tfoot element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The charoff attribute on the tfoot element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The valign attribute on the tfoot element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A tfoot element must have a start tag.

A tfoot element’s end tag may be omitted if the tfoot element is immediately followed by a tbody element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.

Permitted parent elements #

table

Details #

Although previous versions of HTML only allowed the tfoot element to occur before any tbody or tr elements, but not after, the tfoot element is now also alternatively allowed to occur after any tbody or tr elements.

DOM interface #

interface HTMLTableSectionElement : HTMLElement {
  readonly attribute HTMLCollection rows;
  HTMLElement insertRow(optional long index);
  void deleteRow(long index);
};

Typical default display properties #

tfoot {

display: table-footer-group;

vertical-align: middle;

border-color: inherit; }

ⓘ th – table header cell # T

The th element represents a header cell in a table.

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & scope & colspan & rowspan & headers

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ scope = "row" or "col" or "rowgroup" or "colgroup" #: Specifies what set of cells the th element applies to.
ⓘ colspan = positive integer #: Specifies the number of adjacent columns “spanned” by its th element.
ⓘ rowspan = non-negative integer #: Specifies the number of following rows “spanned” by its th element.
ⓘ headers = list of ID references #: Identifies one or more th elements that apply to its th.; An unordered set of unique space-separated tokens, each of which is an ID reference.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The scope attribute on the td element is obsolete. Use the scope attribute on a th element instead.
The abbr attribute on the th element is obsolete. Consider instead beginning the cell contents with concise text, followed by further elaboration if needed.
The axis attribute on the th element is obsolete. Use the scope attribute instead.
The align attribute on the th element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The width attribute on the th element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The char attribute on the th element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The charoff attribute on the th element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The valign attribute on the th element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The bgcolor attribute on the th element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The height attribute on the th element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The nowrap attribute on the th element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A th element must have a start tag.

A th element’s end tag may be omitted if the th element is immediately followed by a td or th element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.

Permitted parent elements #

DOM interface #

interface HTMLTableHeaderCellElement : HTMLTableCellElement {
           attribute DOMString scope;
};

Typical default display properties #

th {

display: table-cell;

vertical-align: inherit; }

th {

font-weight: bold;

text-align: center; }

ⓘ thead – table heading group # T

The thead element represents the block of rows that consist of the column labels (headings) for its parent table element.

Permitted contents #

zero or more tr elements

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The align attribute on the thead element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The char attribute on the thead element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The charoff attribute on the thead element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The valign attribute on the thead element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A thead element must have a start tag.

A thead element’s end tag may be omitted if the thead element is immediately followed by a tbody or tfoot element.

Permitted parent elements #

table

DOM interface #

interface HTMLTableSectionElement : HTMLElement {
  readonly attribute HTMLCollection rows;
  HTMLElement insertRow(optional long index);
  void deleteRow(long index);
};

Typical default display properties #

thead {

display: table-header-group;

vertical-align: middle;

border-color: inherit; }

ⓘ time – date and/or time NEW # T

The time element represents a date and/or time.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & datetime (any)

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ datetime (any) = time-datetime #

Specifies the date or time that the element represents.

Any one of the following:

a month
a date
a yearless date which must consist of the following parts in exactly the following order:
1. a valid date-month as defined in [RFC 3339]
2. The literal string "-".
3. a valid date-mday as defined in [RFC 3339]
Example:
```
11-12
```
a time
a local date and time
a valid time-offset as defined in [RFC 3339]
Examples:
```
Z
+0000
+00:00
-0800
-08:00
```
a date and time
a week
a valid date-fullyear as defined in [RFC 3339], with the additional qualification it must be four or more digits representing a number greater than 0
Examples:
```
2011
0001
```
a valid duration string as defined in the [HTML5] specification
Examples:
```
PT4H18M3S
4h 18m 3s
```

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The element time must not appear as a descendant of the time element.

Tag omission #

A time element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

Details #

If the datetime (any) attribute is not specified, then the date or time represented is given by the contents of the element, and the character data in those contents must conform to the time-datetime datatype.

DOM interface #

interface HTMLTimeElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString datetime (any);
};

ⓘ title – document title # T

The title element represents the document’s title or name.

Permitted contents #

replaceable character data

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A title element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

head

DOM interface #

interface HTMLTitleElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString text;
};

Typical default display properties #

title {

display: none; }

ⓘ tr – table row # T

The tr element represents a row of cells in a table.

Permitted contents #

zero or more of: one td element, or one th element

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The align attribute on the tr element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The char attribute on the tr element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The charoff attribute on the tr element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The valign attribute on the tr element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The bgcolor attribute on the tr element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A tr element must have a start tag.

A tr element’s end tag may be omitted if the tr element is immediately followed by another tr element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.

Permitted parent elements #

table, thead, tfoot, tbody

DOM interface #

interface HTMLTableRowElement : HTMLElement {
  readonly attribute long rowIndex;
  readonly attribute long sectionRowIndex;
  readonly attribute HTMLCollection cells;
  HTMLElement insertCell(optional long index);
  void deleteCell(long index);
};

Typical default display properties #

tr {

display: table-row;

vertical-align: inherit;

border-color: inherit; }

ⓘ track – supplementary media track NEW # T

The track element enables supplementary media tracks such as subtitle tracks and caption tracks to be specified for audio and video elements.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & kind & src★ & srclang & label & default

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ kind = "subtitles" or "captions" or "descriptions" or "chapters" or "metadata" #

The kind of timed track.

"subtitles": Transcription or translation of the dialogue in the soundtrack of the video or audio stream; meant for users who have access to the soundtrack but for whom it is not fully usable as intended (for example, for users who do not understand the language of the soundtrack).
"captions": Transcription or translation of the dialogue, sound effects, relevant musical cues, and other relevant aural information in the video or audio stream; intended for cases where users do not have any access at all to the soundtrack (for example, for users who are deaf or for the case when the soundtrack is currently muted).
"descriptions": Textual descriptions of the visual component of a video; meant for use with audio synthesis when the visual component is unavailable (for example, for users who are blind, or for users who are currently unable to view the screen on which the video is displayed—for example, a user accessing the video while driving a car).
"chapters": Chapter titles.
"metadata": Metadata content meant for use from script.

ⓘ src = non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

The address of the timed track.

ⓘ srclang = language tag #

The language of the timed track.

A valid language tag as defined in [BCP 47].

ⓘ label = string #

A user-readable title for the timed track.

ⓘ default = "default" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Instructs the UA that the track is to be enabled if the user’s preferences do not indicate that another track would be more appropriate.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

Attribute label for element track must have non-empty value.
The default attribute must not occur on more than one track element within the same audio element or video element.

Tag omission #

The track element is a void element. A track element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

audio, video

DOM interface #

interface HTMLTrackElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString kind;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString srclang;
           attribute DOMString label;
           attribute boolean default;

  const unsigned short NONE = 0;
  const unsigned short LOADING = 1;
  const unsigned short LOADED = 2;
  const unsigned short ERROR = 3;
  readonly attribute unsigned short readyState;

  readonly attribute TextTrack track;
};

ⓘ u – offset text conventionally styled with an underline CHANGED # T

The u element represents a span of text offset from its surrounding content without conveying any extra emphasis or importance, and for which the conventional typographic presentation is underlining; for example, a span of text in Chinese that is a proper name (a Chinese proper name mark), or span of text that is known to be misspelled.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A u element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

Changes in HTML5 #

Although previous versions of HTML defined the u element only in presentational terms, the element has now been given the specific semantic purpose of representing text “offset from its surrounding content without conveying any extra emphasis or importance, and for which the conventional typographic presentation is underlining”.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

u {

text-decoration: underline; }

ⓘ ul – unordered list # T

The ul element represents an unordered list of items; that is, a list in which changing the order of the items would not change the meaning of list.

Permitted contents #

zero or more li elements

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The type attribute on the ul element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The compact attribute on the ul element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A ul element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLUListElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

ul {

display: block;

list-style-type: disc;

margin-before: 1em;

margin-after: 1em;

margin-start: 0;

margin-end: 0;

padding-start: 40px; }

ⓘ var – variable or placeholder text # T

The var element represents either a variable in a mathematical expression or programming context, or placeholder text that the reader is meant to mentally replace with some other literal value.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A var element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

var {

font-style: italic; }

ⓘ video – video NEW # T

The video element represents a video or movie.

Permitted contents #

Transparent, with the following specific structure:

a src attribute, or zero or more source elements followed by zero or more track elements, followed by flow content

a src attribute, or zero or more source elements followed by zero or more track elements, followed by phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & autoplay & preload & controls & loop & poster & height & width & mediagroup & muted & src

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ autoplay = "autoplay" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Instructs the UA to automatically begin playback of the video as soon as it can do so without stopping.

ⓘ preload = "none" or "metadata" or "auto" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Represents a hint to the UA about whether optimistic downloading of the video itself or its metadata is considered worthwhile.

"none": Hints to the UA that the user is not expected to need the video, or that minimizing unnecessary traffic is desirable.
"metadata": Hints to the UA that the user is not expected to need the video, but that fetching its metadata (dimensions, first frame, track list, duration, and so on) is desirable.
"auto": Hints to the UA that optimistically downloading the entire video is considered desirable.

Specifying the empty string is equivalent to specifying the value "auto".

ⓘ controls = "controls" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Instructs the UA to expose a user interface for controlling playback of the video.

ⓘ loop = "loop" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Instructs the UA to seek back to the start of the video upon reaching the end.

ⓘ poster = non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

The address of an image file for the UA to show while no video data is available.

ⓘ height = non-negative integer #

The height of the video, in CSS pixels.

ⓘ width = non-negative integer #

The width of the video, in CSS pixels.

ⓘ mediagroup = string #

Instructs the UA to link multiple videos and/or audio streams together.

ⓘ muted = "muted" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Represents the default state of the audio channel of the video, potentially overriding user preferences.

ⓘ src = non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

The URL for the video.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element video with the attribute controls must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element video with the attribute controls must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
video element has more than one “track” child element with a default attribute.

Tag omission #

A video element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements, any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLVideoElement : HTMLMediaElement {
           attribute unsigned long width;
           attribute unsigned long height;
  readonly attribute unsigned long videoWidth;
  readonly attribute unsigned long videoHeight;
           attribute DOMString poster;
};

ⓘ wbr – line-break opportunity NEW # T

The wbr element represents a line-break opportunity.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

The wbr element is a void element. A wbr element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

7. Common content models # T

This section describes content models that are referenced by a number of different element descriptions in the Content model subsections of the per-element documentation in the HTML elements section.

7.1. Flow elements # T

phrasing elements or a or p or hr or pre or ul or ol or dl or div or h1 or h2 or h3 or h4 or h5 or h6 or hgroup or address or blockquote or ins or del or object or map or noscript or section or nav or article or aside or header or footer or video or audio or figure or table or form or fieldset or menu or canvas or details

7.2. Metadata elements # T

link or style or meta name or meta http-equiv=refresh or meta http-equiv=default-style or meta charset or meta http-equiv=content-type or script or noscript or command

7.3. Phrasing elements # T

a or em or strong or small or mark or abbr or dfn or i or b or s or u or code or var or samp or kbd or sup or sub or q or cite or span or bdo or bdi or br or wbr or ins or del or img or embed or object or iframe or map or area or script or noscript or ruby or video or audio or input or textarea or select or button or label or output or datalist or keygen or progress or command or canvas or time or meter

8. Global attributes # T

This section describes attributes that are common to all elements in the HTML language.

core attributes & event-handler attributes & xml attributes

8.1. Core attributes # T

accesskey & class & contenteditable & contextmenu & dir & draggable & dropzone & hidden & id & lang & spellcheck & style & tabindex & title & translate

ⓘ accesskey = list of key labels CHANGED #

A key label or list of key labels with which to associate the element; each key label represents a keyboard shortcut which UAs can use to activate the element or give focus to the element.

An ordered set of unique space-separated tokens, each of which must be exactly one Unicode code point in length.

ⓘ class = set of space-separated tokens #

A name of a classification, or list of names of classifications, to which the element belongs.

ⓘ contenteditable = "true" or "false" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies whether the contents of the element are editable.

ⓘ contextmenu = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the menu with which to associate the element as a .

ⓘ dir = "ltr" or "rtl" or "auto" #

Specifies the element’s text directionality.

ⓘ draggable = "true" or "false" NEW #

Specifies whether the element is draggable.

ⓘ dropzone = dropzone value NEW #

Specifies what types of content can be dropped on the element, and instructs the UA about which actions to take with content when it is dropped on the element.

An unordered set of unique space-separated tokens, each of which is a case-insensitive match for one of the following:

copy: Indicates that dropping an accepted item on the element will result in a copy of the dragged data.
move: Indicates that dropping an accepted item on the element will result in the dragged data being moved to the new location.
link: Indicates that dropping an accepted item on the element will result in a link to the original data.
Any string with three characters or more, beginning with the literal string "string:".: Indicates that Plain Unicode string items, of the type indicated by the part of of the keyword after the "string:" string, can be dropped on this element.
Any string with three characters or more, beginning with the literal string "file:".: Indicates that File items, of the type indicated by the part of of the keyword after the "file:" string, can be dropped on this element.

The value must not have more than one of the three tokens "copy", "move", or "link". If none are specified, the element represents a copy dropzone.

ⓘ hidden = "hidden" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents an element that is not yet, or is no longer, relevant.

ⓘ id = ID #

A unique identifier for the element.

There must not be multiple elements in a document that have the same id value.

Any string, with the following restrictions:

must be at least one character long
must not contain any space characters

Previous versions of HTML placed greater restrictions on the content of ID values (for example, they did not permit ID values to begin with a number).

ⓘ lang = language tag #

Specifies the primary language for the contents of the element and for any of the element’s attributes that contain text.

A valid language tag as defined in [BCP 47].

ⓘ spellcheck = "true" or "false" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies whether the element represents an element whose contents are subject to spell checking and grammar checking.

ⓘ style = string #

Specifies zero or more CSS declarations that apply to the element [CSS].

ⓘ tabindex = integer #

Specifies whether the element represents an element that is is focusable (that is, an element which is part of the sequence of focusable elements in the document), and the relative order of the element in the sequence of focusable elements in the document.

ⓘ title = any value #

Advisory information associated with the element.

ⓘ translate = "yes" or "no" #

Specifies whether an element’s attribute values and contents of its children are to be translated when the page is localized, or whether to leave them unchanged.

8.2. Event-handler attributes # T

onabort & onblur & oncanplay & oncanplaythrough & onchange & onclick & oncontextmenu & ondblclick & ondrag & ondragend & ondragenter & ondragleave & ondragover & ondragstart & ondrop & ondurationchange & onemptied & onended & onerror & onfocus & oninput & oninvalid & onkeydown & onkeypress & onkeyup & onload & onloadeddata & onloadedmetadata & onloadstart & onmousedown & onmousemove & onmouseout & onmouseover & onmouseup & onmousewheel & onpause & onplay & onplaying & onprogress & onratechange & onreadystatechange & onreset & onscroll & onseeked & onseeking & onselect & onshow & onstalled & onsubmit & onsuspend & ontimeupdate & onvolumechange & onwaiting

ⓘ onabort = functionbody NEW #: Load of element was aborted by the user.
ⓘ onblur = functionbody #: Element lost focus.
ⓘ oncanplay = functionbody NEW #: The UA can resume playback of media data for this video or audio element, but estimates that if playback were to be started now, the video or audio could not be rendered at the current playback rate up to its end without having to stop for further buffering of content.
ⓘ oncanplaythrough = functionbody NEW #: The UA estimates that if playback were to be started now, the video or audio element could be rendered at the current playback rate all the way to its end without having to stop for further buffering
ⓘ onchange = functionbody #: User committed a change to the value of element (form control).
ⓘ onclick = functionbody #: User pressed pointer button down and released pointer button over element, or otherwise activated the pointer in a manner that emulates such an action.
ⓘ oncontextmenu = functionbody NEW #: User requested the context menu for element.
ⓘ ondblclick = functionbody #: User clicked pointer button twice over element, or otherwise activated the pointer in a manner that simulates such an action.
ⓘ ondrag = functionbody NEW #: User is continuing to drag element.
ⓘ ondragend = functionbody NEW #: User ended dragging element.
ⓘ ondragenter = functionbody NEW #: User’s drag operation entered element.
ⓘ ondragleave = functionbody NEW #: User’s drag operation left element.
ⓘ ondragover = functionbody NEW #: User is continuing drag operation over element.
ⓘ ondragstart = functionbody NEW #: User started dragging element.
ⓘ ondrop = functionbody NEW #: User completed drop operation over element.
ⓘ ondurationchange = functionbody NEW #: The DOM attribute duration on the video or audio element has been updated.
ⓘ onemptied = functionbody NEW #: The video or audio element has returned to the uninitialized state.
ⓘ onended = functionbody NEW #: The end of the video or audio element has been reached.
ⓘ onerror = functionbody NEW #: Element failed to load properly.
ⓘ onfocus = functionbody #: Element received focus.
ⓘ oninput = functionbody #: User changed the value of element (form control).
ⓘ oninvalid = functionbody NEW #: Element (form control) did not meet validity constraints.
ⓘ onkeydown = functionbody #: User pressed down a key.
ⓘ onkeypress = functionbody #: User pressed down a key that is associated with a character value.
ⓘ onkeyup = functionbody #: User released a key.
ⓘ onload = functionbody #: Element finished loading.
ⓘ onloadeddata = functionbody NEW #: UA can render the video or audio element at the current playback position for the first time.
ⓘ onloadedmetadata = functionbody NEW #: UA has just determined the duration and dimensions of the video or audio element.
ⓘ onloadstart = functionbody NEW #: UA has begun looking for media data in the video or audio element.
ⓘ onmousedown = functionbody #: User pressed down pointer button over element.
ⓘ onmousemove = functionbody #: User moved mouse.
ⓘ onmouseout = functionbody #: User moved pointer off boundaries of element.
ⓘ onmouseover = functionbody #: User moved pointer into boundaries of element or one of its descendant elements.
ⓘ onmouseup = functionbody #: User released pointer button over element.
ⓘ onmousewheel = functionbody #: User rotated wheel of mouse or other device in a manner that emulates such an action.
ⓘ onpause = functionbody NEW #: User has paused playback of the video or audio element.
ⓘ onplay = functionbody NEW #: UA has initiated playback of the video or audio element.
ⓘ onplaying = functionbody NEW #: Playback of the video or audio element has started.
ⓘ onprogress = functionbody NEW #: UA is fetching media data for the video or audio element.
ⓘ onratechange = functionbody NEW #: Either the DOM attribute defaultPlaybackRate or the DOM attribute playbackRate on the video or audio element has been updated.
ⓘ onreadystatechange = functionbody NEW #: Element and all its subresources have finished loading.
ⓘ onreset = functionbody #: The form element was reset.
ⓘ onscroll = functionbody #: Element or document view was scrolled.
ⓘ onseeked = functionbody NEW #: The value of the IDL attribute seeking changed to false (a seek operation on the video or audio element ended).
ⓘ onseeking = functionbody NEW #: The value of the IDL attribute seeking changed to true, and the seek operation on the video or audio elements is taking long enough that the UA has time to fire the seeking event.
ⓘ onselect = functionbody #: User selected some text.
ⓘ onshow = functionbody NEW #: User requested the element be shown as a context menu.
ⓘ onstalled = functionbody NEW #: UA is attempting to fetch media data for the video or audio element, but that data is not forthcoming.
ⓘ onsubmit = functionbody #: The form element was submitted.
ⓘ onsuspend = functionbody NEW #: UA is intentionally not currently fetching media data for the video or audio element, but does not yet have the entire contents downloaded.
ⓘ ontimeupdate = functionbody NEW #: The current playback position of the video or audio element changed either as part of normal playback, or in an especially interesting way (for example, discontinuously).
ⓘ onvolumechange = functionbody NEW #: Either the DOM attribute volume or the DOM attribute muted on the video or audio element has been changed.
ⓘ onwaiting = functionbody NEW #: Playback of the video or audio element has stopped because the next frame is not yet available (but UA agent expects that frame to become available in due course).

8.3. XML attributes # T

xml:lang & xml:space & xml:base

ⓘ xml:lang = language tag #: As defined in the XML specification [XML].; A valid language tag as defined in [BCP 47].
xml:space = "preserve" or"default" #: As defined in the XML specification [XML].; The xml:space attribute should only be used with documents in the XML syntax; it must not be used in documents in the HTML syntax.
ⓘ xml:base = URL potentially surrounded by spaces #: As defined in the XML Base specification [XMLBase].; The xml:base attribute should only be used with documents in the XML syntax; it must not be used in documents in the HTML syntax.

9. Data types (common microsyntaxes) # T

This section describes data types (microsyntaxes) that are referenced by attribute descriptions in the HTML elements, and Global attributes sections.

string #

For the purposes of this document, a string is defined as any mixture of text and character references.

The Attributes section of this document describes additional restrictions on strings in attribute values — in particular, restrictions for the following cases:

unquoted attribute values
single-quoted attribute values
double-quoted attribute values

set of comma-separated strings #

Zero or more strings that are themselves each zero or more characters, each optionally with leading and/or trailing space characters, and each separated from the next by a single "," (comma) character. Each string itself must not begin or end with any space characters, and each string itself must not contain any "," (comma) characters.

token #

A string that does not contain any space characters.

set of space-separated tokens #

A space-separated set of zero or more token instances.

unordered set of unique space-separated tokens #

A set of space-separated tokens in which none of the tokens are duplicated.

ordered set of unique space-separated tokens #

A set of space-separated tokens in which none of the tokens are duplicated, but in which the order of the tokens is meaningful.

browsing-context name #

Any string, with the following restrictions:

must not start with a "_" character
must be at least one character long

browsing-context name or keyword #

Any string that is either of the following:

a browsing-context name
any case-insensitive match for one of the following literal strings: "_blank", "_self", "_parent", or "_top".

ID #

Any string, with the following restrictions:

must be at least one character long
must not contain any space characters

Previous versions of HTML placed greater restrictions on the content of ID values (for example, they did not permit ID values to begin with a number).

ID reference #

A valid ID reference to an element of type type is a string that exactly matches the value of the id attribute of an element of type type anywhere in the document.

list of ID references #

An unordered set of unique space-separated tokens, each of which is an ID reference.

name #

Any string, with the following restrictions:

must be at least one character long
must not contain any space characters

hash-name reference #

A valid hash-name reference to an element of type type is a string that starts with a "#" character, followed by a string which exactly matches the value of the name attribute of an element of type type anywhere in the document.

integer #

One or more characters in the range 0—9, optionally prefixed with a "-" character.

positive integer #

Any non-negative integer, with the following restriction:

must be greater than zero

non-negative integer #

One or more characters in the range 0—9.

floating-point number #

A floating-point number consists of the following parts, in exactly the following order:

Optionally, the first character may be a "-" character.
One or more characters in the range "0—9".
Optionally, the following parts, in exactly the following order:
1. a "." character
2. one or more characters in the range "0—9"
Optionally, the following parts, in exactly the following order:
1. a "e" character or "E" character
2. optionally, a "-" character or "+" character
3. One or more characters in the range "0—9".

positive floating-point number #

A non-negative floating-point number, with the following restriction:

must be greater than zero

non-negative floating-point number #

A floating-point number, with the following restriction:

the first character may not be a "-" character

date and time #

A valid date-time as defined in [RFC 3339], with these additional qualifications:

the literal letters T and Z in the date/time syntax must always be uppercase
the date-fullyear production is instead defined as four or more digits representing a number greater than 0

Examples:

1990-12-31T23:59:60Z
1996-12-19T16:39:57-08:00

date #

A valid full-date as defined in [RFC 3339], with the additional qualification that the year component is four or more digits representing a number greater than 0.

Example:

1996-12-19

time-datetime #

Any one of the following:

a month
a date
a yearless date which must consist of the following parts in exactly the following order:
1. a valid date-month as defined in [RFC 3339]
2. The literal string "-".
3. a valid date-mday as defined in [RFC 3339]
Example:
```
11-12
```
a time
a local date and time
a valid time-offset as defined in [RFC 3339]
Examples:
```
Z
+0000
+00:00
-0800
-08:00
```
a date and time
a week
a valid date-fullyear as defined in [RFC 3339], with the additional qualification it must be four or more digits representing a number greater than 0
Examples:
```
2011
0001
```
a valid duration string as defined in the [HTML5] specification
Examples:
```
PT4H18M3S
4h 18m 3s
```

URL #

A valid IRI reference as defined in [RFC 3987].

The empty string is a valid IRI reference, so the empty string is allowed anywhere this reference lists the “URL” datatype as being allowed.

Example:

http://example.org/hello

URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

A URL, optionally with leading and/or trailing space characters.

The empty string is a valid URL, so the empty string is allowed anywhere this reference lists the “URL potentially surrounded by spaces” datatype as being allowed.

non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

A URL that is not the empty string, optionally with leading and/or trailing space characters.

absolute URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

A valid IRI as defined in [RFC 3987], optionally with leading and/or trailing space characters.

Examples:

/hello
#canvas
http://example.org/

sizes #

An unordered set of unique space-separated tokens, each of which must be one of the following:

the literal string "any"
two valid non-negative integers that do not have a leading "0" character and that are separated by a single "x" character.

MIME type #

A string that identifies a valid MIME media type as defined in [RFC 2046].

character encoding name #

A case-insensitive match for any character set name for which the IANA [Character Sets] registry has a Name or Alias field labeled as “preferred MIME name”; or, if none of the Alias fields are so labeled, a case-insensitive match for a Name field in the registry.

meta-charset string #

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

The literal string "text/html;".
Optionally, one or more space characters.
The literal string "charset=".
One of the following:
- For documents in the HTML syntax: A character encoding name.
- For documents in the XML syntax: Any case-insensitive match for the string "UTF-8".

refresh value #

Any one of the following:

A non-negative integer.
The string consisting of the following parts, in exactly the following order:
1. A non-negative integer.
2. A ";" character.
3. One or more space characters.
4. A case-insensitive match for the string "url=".
5. A URL.

default-style name #

A string.

media-query list #

A valid media query list as defined in [Media Queries].

language tag #

A valid language tag as defined in [BCP 47].

list of key labels #

An ordered set of unique space-separated tokens, each of which must be exactly one Unicode code point in length.

dropzone value #

An unordered set of unique space-separated tokens, each of which is a case-insensitive match for one of the following:

copy: Indicates that dropping an accepted item on the element will result in a copy of the dragged data.
move: Indicates that dropping an accepted item on the element will result in the dragged data being moved to the new location.
link: Indicates that dropping an accepted item on the element will result in a link to the original data.
Any string with three characters or more, beginning with the literal string "string:".: Indicates that Plain Unicode string items, of the type indicated by the part of of the keyword after the "string:" string, can be dropped on this element.
Any string with three characters or more, beginning with the literal string "file:".: Indicates that File items, of the type indicated by the part of of the keyword after the "file:" string, can be dropped on this element.

The value must not have more than one of the three tokens "copy", "move", or "link". If none are specified, the element represents a copy dropzone.

zero #

The literal string "0".

functionbody #

Any JavaScript code matching the FunctionBody production [ECMA 262].

rectangle coordinates #

A comma-separated list of four integers, in exactly the following order:

an integer representing the distance in CSS pixels from the left edge of the image to the left side of the rectangle
an integer representing the distance in CSS pixels from the top edge of the image to the top side of the rectangle
an integer, greater than the value of the first integer in this list, representing the distance in CSS pixels from the left edge of the image to the right side of the rectangle
an integer, greater than the value of the second integer in this list, representing the distance in CSS pixels from the top edge of the image to the bottom side of the rectangle

circle coordinates #

A comma-separated list of three numbers, in exactly the following order:

an integer representing the distance in CSS pixels from the left edge of the image to the center of the circle
an integer representing the distance in CSS pixels from the top edge of the image to the center of the circle
a non-negative integer, representing the radius of the circle, in CSS pixels

polygon coordinates #

sandbox “allow” keywords list #

An unordered set of unique space-separated tokens, each of which is a case-insensitive match for one of the following literal strings:

"allow-forms"
"allow-scripts"
"allow-top-navigation"
"allow-same-origin"

Because an unordered set of unique space-separated tokens can contain zero tokens, this datatype also allows the following:

the empty string
any string consisting only of space characters

list of MIME types #

A set of comma-separated strings, each of which is a valid MIME type, with no parameters.

list of character-encoding names #

An ordered set of unique space-separated tokens, each of which must be a valid character encoding name that specifies an ASCII-compatible character encoding.

pattern #

A regular expression that must match the JavaScript Pattern production as specified in [ECMA 262].

local date and time #

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

A date.
The literal string "T".
A time.

Example:

1985-04-12T23:20:50.52
1996-12-19T16:39:57

date #

A valid full-date as defined in [RFC 3339], with the additional qualification that the year component is four or more digits representing a number greater than 0.

Example:

1996-12-19

month #

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

Four or more digits representing a number greater than 0.
The literal string "-".
Two digits, representing the month month, in the range 1 ≤ month, ≤ 12.

Example:

1996-12

week #

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

Four or more digits representing year year, where year > 0.
The literal string "-W".
Two digits, representing the week week, in the range 1 ≤ week ≤ maxweek, where maxweek is either 52 or 53, depending on the particular year.

Example:

1996-W16

time #

A valid partial-time as defined in [RFC 3339].

Examples:

23:20:50.52
17:39:57

e-mail address #

Any string that matches the following [ABNF] production:

1*( atext / "." ) "@" ldh-str 1*( "." ldh-str )

…where atext is as defined in [RFC 5322], and ldh-str is as defined in [RFC 1034].

That is, any string which matches the following regular expression:

/^[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&’*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9-]+)*$/

Examples:

foo-bar.baz@example.com

list of e-mail addresses #

A set of comma-separated strings, each of which is a valid email address.

simple color #

A string exactly seven characters long, consisting of the following parts, in exactly the following order:

A "#" character.
Six characters in the range 0–9, a–f, and A–F.

Color keywords (for example, strings such as “red” or “green”) are not allowed.

string without line breaks #

Any string that contains no line feed (U+000A, “LF”) or carriage return (U+000D, “CR”) characters.

non-empty string #

Any string that is not empty.

HTML: The Markup Language (an HTML language reference)

W3C Working Draft 11 October 2012

Abstract

Status of this Document

Instability and incompleteness of this document

Table of Contents #

Full Table of Contents

1. Introduction # T

2. Terminology # T

3. Documents # T

3.1. The HTML language and HTML and XML syntaxes # T

3.2. The HTML namespace and MIME types # T

3.3. Conformant documents # T

3.3.1. Conformant documents in the HTML syntax #

3.3.1.1. Implied start tags and end tags #

3.3.2. Conformant documents in the XML syntax #

3.4. Case insensitivity in tag names and attribute names # T

4. HTML syntax # T

4.1. The doctype # T

4.2. Character encoding declaration # T

4.3. Elements # T

4.3.1. Misnested tags #

4.4. Attributes # T

4.5. Text and character data # T

4.6. Character references # T

4.7. Comments # T

4.8. SVG and MathML elements in HTML documents # T

4.9. CDATA sections in SVG and MathML contents # T

5. HTML elements organized by function # T

5.1. The root element #

5.2. Document metadata #

5.3. Scripting #

5.4. Sections #

5.5. Grouping content #

5.6. Text-level semantics #

5.7. Edits #

5.8. Embedded content #

5.9. Tables #

5.10. Forms #

5.11. Interactive elements #

6. HTML elements # T

ⓘ a – hyperlink CHANGED # T

Permitted contents #

Permitted attributes #

Additional constraints and admonitions #

Tag omission #

Permitted parent elements #

Changes in HTML5 #

Details #

DOM interface #

Typical default display properties #

Examples #

ⓘ abbr – abbreviation # T

Permitted contents #

Permitted attributes #

Tag omission #

Permitted parent elements #

Details #

DOM interface #

ⓘ address – contact information # T

Permitted contents #

Permitted attributes #

Additional constraints and admonitions #

Tag omission #

Permitted parent elements #

Details #

DOM interface #

Typical default display properties #

ⓘ area – image-map hyperlink # T

Permitted contents #

Permitted attributes #

Additional constraints and admonitions #

Tag omission #

Permitted parent elements #

DOM interface #

Typical default display properties #

ⓘ article – article NEW # T

Permitted contents #

Permitted attributes #

Additional constraints and admonitions #